低Ag(Ag含量<1%,质量分数,下同)的SAC无铅钎料存在润湿性和可靠性不足的问题.为探索解决这些问题,研究了Ag含量、Ni和Bi等合金元素对合金微观组织、润湿性和溶铜性等关键性能的影响.结果表明:Ag含量的变化带来了组织、熔化特征和力学性能的规律性改变;Bi和Ni元素的少量添加能够提高合金的可焊性(润湿性),并降低合金的铜溶解率;SAC0805BiNi钎料的铜溶解率小于SAC0307和SAC305钎料,而润湿性接近SAC305钎料;Ag含量在0 3%~1%之间的合金韧性更好.因此,适当选择Ag含量和采用合适添加元素,成本相对较低的低银无铅钎料综合性能接近SAC305无铅钎料.
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