在中温固体氧化物燃料电池(IT-SOFC)阳极的制备中,采用氨水、饱和硝酸镍溶液为原料,利用化学浸渍法引入催化剂NiO制备阳极；利用本实验室制备好的致密薄膜YSZ-多孔YSZ烧结复合体在氨水中浸渍,然后放入饱和硝酸镍中负压浸渍使得两种溶液在多孔YSZ的微孔中进行反应.计算结果表明:该法一次浸渍可增重NiO 17.2％(质量分数),是普通浸渍法(用致密薄膜YSZ-多孔YSZ烧结复合体在硝酸镍溶液中浸渍,包括常压浸渍与负压浸渍)一次浸渍增重量的3倍左右.采用场发射扫瞄电子显微镜观察多孔YSZ阳极的断面,比较了普通浸渍法和化学浸渍法催化剂NiO的一次浸渍量；对比了化学浸渍和(通常使用的)直接混合引进催化剂NiO所制备的阳极中NiO颗粒的形态.研究结果表明:采用化学浸渍法引入NiO制备阳极较普通浸渍法简化了工艺且大大缩短了制备周期.利用该法制备的单电池,其电性能明显高于利用直接混合引入催化剂NiO制备阳极的单电池.700℃,H2为燃料,空气为氧化剂,前者的最大输出功率密度达0.83W/cm2,后者的最大输出功率密度仅为0.43W/cm2.
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