采用等离子堆焊技术制备了不同Cr含量的Fe-Cr-V-C堆焊合金,借助扫描电镜和X射线衍射等分析手段研究了碳化物形貌及合金物相组成.同时研究了Cr含量对合金硬度和耐磨性的影响,并探讨了磨损机理.结果表明:堆焊合金组织由马氏体、铁素体、奥氏体、M7C3及VC组成.合金中随着Cr含量的提高,由于硬质相M7C3和VC的数量及形态变化不大,而具有高硬度的针状马氏体基体组织的减少使得合金的耐磨性先降低,当达到一定值后继续增加Cr含量,M7C3的数量逐渐增多,因而耐磨性随后增大；当Cr含量达到27.2％(质量分数)时,大量高硬度六边形M7C3复合物(约HV1200)结合一定量VC(约HV1600)颗粒构成坚实的耐磨骨架,使得合金具有最佳的耐磨性.
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