对不同铝电解时间下的阴极炭块试样进行了单轴压缩实验,建立了阴极炭块的损伤本构方程.实验和理论分析结果表明:与未铝电解的炭块相比,铝电解环境下受熔盐腐蚀的炭块内部存在更多和分布更不均匀的化学腐蚀损伤,从而导致阴极炭块弹性模量、峰值应力和残余变形能力的降低,铝电解时间越长,降低程度越大.采用真实破裂过程分析软件RFPA2D 对阴极炭块的单轴压缩破坏实验进行了数值模拟,通过与理论、实验结果比较发现数值模拟可有效地用于研究和再现阴极炭块变形破坏的全过程及局部的变形破坏特征.
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