面对全球能源短缺、环境污染等问题，电动汽车成为一种重要的替代交通工具。近两年，国内出现了多起电动汽车自燃事故，这引起人们对电动汽车安全性的高度关注。事故调查结果表明，多数事故的原因与电池安全性相关，而电池的热管理方式又对电池的安全性有至关重要的影响。相变材料用于动力电池热管理系统是一个新兴的发展方向，与传统空冷、液冷等方式相比，具有高效、节能、温度波动小、防止热逃逸等优点，但其低导热性能和难以与其它材料复合这两个缺点一直制约其实现真正应用。介绍和分析了近年来相变材料在动力电池热管理方面的应用研究进展，特别介绍了高导热相变材料的研究进展及其实际应用效果，并对未来该领域的发展方向进行了展望。
As was well known,the electric vehicle was a very important alternative transportation and gains more and more attentions due to the shortage of conventional fossil energy.Recently,some self-ignition acci-dents of the electric vehicles happened in last two years make the people recognize the importance of the safety of the battery.Therefore,the safety of the battery was the key for practical application of the electric vehicles, and therein the thermal management of battery was very important.In last decade,the thermal management system employing a novel phase change materials (PCM)has been designed and researched for lithium-ion bat-tery.Compared to conventional thermal management systems,e.g.air/liquid-cooling,the PCM-based system has more advantages:compact,high efficient,energy conservation,little temperature variation,preventing thermal runaway etc.But the shortcomings of low heat conduction coefficient and difficultly compositing with other materials restrict the application of the PCM.Extensive efforts have been undertaken to improve the PCM performance.In this review,we introduce the recent development of the PCM-based thermal management sys-tem,and especially present the new researches in improving the thermal conductivity of the PCM by using the wax/graphite matrix.In the last,we give the conclusion and outlook,and think that the composite PCM mi-crocapsule with high heat conduction and complex structure was the future trend.
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