针对荒漠化地区沙土水分涵养难的问题,用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(hexadecyl trimethyl ammoni-um bromide,CTMAB)插层改性制备有机蒙脱土保水材料.研究了材料在模拟沙漠气候条件下的保水性能,并采用 X 射线衍射分析、傅里叶红外光谱分析、热重分析、扫描电子显微镜对材料进行分析和表征.结果表明,CTMAB 插层进入蒙脱土层间,(001)面层间距由1．25104 nm 增大到2．09212 nm,同时该材料保水性能良好,CTMAB 亲水端进入蒙脱土层间,将松散的蒙脱土颗粒胶结起来,其憎水端相互连接形成憎水网络,从而在地表形成透气保水的固结层来有效降低水分蒸发.模拟沙漠气候条件下的植草试验表明,施用该材料后草籽发芽率从对照组的8％提高到48％.
This study was conducted to solve the problem of sand-fixation and moisture retention in desertifica-tion region,the montmorillonite was modified by hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTMAB).The wa-ter retention property was studied in an artificial climate box with simulating desert climate and the materials were analyzed and characterized by means of SEM,FT-IR,XRD and TGA measurements.The results showed that CTMAB had intercalated into the interlayers of montmorillonite and d (00 1) layer space increased from 1.25 104 to 2.09212 nm.The organic montmorillonite had excellent water retention property.The clay particles were cemented through the interactions of CTMAB,and the strength and stability of the bonding layer signifi-cantly increased.The hydrophobic ends of CTMAB connected to form a hydrophobic network to inhibit the wa-ter evaporation.Grass-planting experiment showed that the germination rate of grass seed with organic mont-morillonite was significantly improved to 48%,while the rate for control group was only 8%.
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