采用化学氧化无模板法,以苯胺和对苯二胺为单体,盐酸为掺杂剂,过硫酸铵为氧化剂,经氨水脱掺杂合成出聚苯胺(PANI)、聚对苯二胺(PPDA)、苯胺-对苯二胺共聚物 P(ANI-PDA)纳米材料。用红外光谱(FT-IR)、紫外可见分光光谱(UV)、X-衍射光谱仪(XRD)、热重分析仪(TGA)和扫描电镜(SEM)对3种聚合物的结构、结晶度、热稳定性和微观形貌进行表征分析,并测试了3种聚合物在水中的分散性。结果表明,与 PANI 相比,PPDA和P(ANI-PDA)中醌式结构较少,PANI 的热稳定性最好；PANI 的形貌为无规则的多孔颗粒团聚结构,PPDA和P(ANI-PDA)的微观形貌中出现了大量的纳米片状和棒状结构,通过 XRD分析和聚合物在水中分散性测试得出P(ANI-PDA)的结晶度最高,在水中的分散性最好,说明纳米片状结构有利于提高聚合物的结晶度和在水中的分散性。
Polyaniline (PANI),Poly (p-phenylenediamine)(PPDA),P-phenylenediamine-aniline copolymer P (ANI-PDA)nanomaterials were synthesized in hydrochloric acid by chemical oxidation method using aniline,p-phenylenediamine as monomers,ammonium persulfate as oxidant and ammonia as de-dopant.The structure, crystallinity,thermal ability and morphology were characterized by FT-IR,XRD,UV,TGA and SEM.The dispensability was tested in aqueous water.The results showed that the quinoid structure in PPDA and P(ANI-PDA)was reduced compared with PANI.P-phenylenediamine-aniline copolymer exhibited the highest crystal-linity and dispensability in aqueous water.polyaniline exhibited the best thermal stability.PANI displayed irreg-ular porous particle agglomeration structure,whereas nanosheet structure was detected in the morphology of PPDA and P(ANI-PDA)and which can increase the crystallinity and dispensability of polymers.
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