用透射电子显微镜(TEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)等方法研究了稀土元素镧对真空蒸发沉积银纳米粒子的细化作用.实验表明,用镧预处理的基底,对真空蒸发沉积的银纳米粒子有细化作用,可使银纳米粒子的粒度由20～30nm减小到约10nm.镧对银纳米粒子的细化作用机理是:基底吸附镧增强了其对银原子的等效吸附能和基底表面徙动激活能,使银纳米粒子在基底表面的徙动扩散运动受到削弱,进而减少了相互团聚.作者认为,掺入镧后的与镧相关的成分为非晶态,其对银纳米粒子的细化作用使银的XRD衍射峰消失.由Lewis-Campbell理论分析估算得到,镧的引入使基底表面徙动激活能增加约0.058eV,相应的基底原子吸附能增加约0.08～0.42eV.
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