材料期刊网

兵器材料科学与工程 , 2003, 26(3): 59-62. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-244X.2003.03.018

纳米材料的力学性能

孙伟成 ^1,

{"currentpage":1,"firstResult":0,"maxresult":10,"pagecode":5,"pageindex":{"endPagecode":5,"startPagecode":1},"records":[{"abstractinfo":"以Zn( NO3)3·6H2O、Ce( NO3)3·6H2O为原料,明胶为模板分散剂,采用凝胶模板燃烧法制备纯ZnO和Ce/ZnO纳米晶,利用XRD、TEM、BET、UV-Vis漫反射进行表征.以染料罗丹明B为目标降解物考察了样品的光催化活性.结果表明:产物粒子形状基本为球形,结晶良好,属六方晶系结构.相比纯ZnO,Ce/ZnO对光具有更高的吸收利用率,在紫外和可见光下对罗丹明B的降解能力均有明显提高；随Ce掺杂量的增加,样品的粒径减小,比表面积增大,罗丹明B的降解率相应增大,在紫外和可见光下降解率分别可达98.6％、78.3％,其原因在于Ce掺杂有利于在ZnO纳米粒子中心和表面之间产生电势差,实现光生电子-空穴对的有效分离.","authors":[{"authorName":"汪应灵","id":"c36d53b0-fb04-4028-ac7c-45fc9fdfc84d","originalAuthorName":"汪应灵"},{"authorName":"谢友海","id":"56b38c29-a762-49da-95a0-cb47cf9f5401","originalAuthorName":"谢友海"},{"authorName":"薛载坤","id":"9f302239-cede-43ec-ac3f-13d72aaa958e","originalAuthorName":"薛载坤"},{"authorName":"刘国光","id":"2ff15ffa-8e5e-4c3d-92c8-2b32a39e46ab","originalAuthorName":"刘国光"}],"doi":"","fpage":"917","id":"029377da-8857-4c7c-a666-fed7d68fa8d4","issue":"4","journal":{"abbrevTitle":"RGJTXB","coverImgSrc":"journal/img/cover/RGJTXB.jpg","id":"57","issnPpub":"1000-985X","publisherId":"RGJTXB","title":"人工晶体学报"},"keywords":[{"id":"f0f5267f-f57f-4188-b33e-f6ce1b6ddc76","keyword":"ZnO纳米晶","originalKeyword":"ZnO纳米晶"},{"id":"1e203dd0-4278-4264-985b-ce0be0005285","keyword":"Ce掺杂","originalKeyword":"Ce掺杂"},{"id":"7756ad8b-a22a-4a64-bd41-a120abddaecd","keyword":"凝胶模板燃烧法","originalKeyword":"凝胶模板燃烧法"},{"id":"120596e5-0ef7-47d3-97ba-6d2f45deec36","keyword":"光催化活性","originalKeyword":"光催化活性"}],"language":"zh","publisherId":"rgjtxb98201104020","title":"Ce掺杂ZnO纳米晶的光催化性能研究","volume":"40","year":"2011"},{"abstractinfo":"以Zn(NO_3)_2、(NH_4)_2CO_3与Y(NO_3)_3为初始原料,采用水热法制备了棒状和枝状ZnO及掺杂Y的ZnO纳米晶.采用XRD、Raman、FESEM 、EDAX和PL方法对合成产物形貌与发光性能进行表征.XRD与Raman的研究结果表明,合成的棒状和枝状ZnO纳米晶为六方纤锌矿单晶;XRD与FESEM的测试结果表明,pH值对水热产物的晶相及形貌有重要的影响;XRD结合EDAX的分析结果表明,热处理后的水热产物中Y元素掺入了ZnO基体;ZnO及ZnO-Y_2O_3的纳米晶PL谱的结果表明,产物的发光性能与制备方式有关,与此同时,ZnO-Y_2O_3纳米晶的本征发光峰发生红移,其结果与Y元素与ZnO之间的能量传递有关.","authors":[{"authorName":"贾铁昆","id":"04db2d86-4533-4f56-b577-9a394306080d","originalAuthorName":"贾铁昆"},{"authorName":"王为民","id":"0535c4c9-25a3-423c-b406-4ba0323a0bf7","originalAuthorName":"王为民"},{"authorName":"黄飞","id":"5208c0ff-2089-43af-8c21-adeb27194293","originalAuthorName":"黄飞"},{"authorName":"傅正义","id":"7f038dd0-ca6e-4d5d-b402-8021c9f68b2e","originalAuthorName":"傅正义"},{"authorName":"马秀华","id":"0d71f538-14bb-4f44-b528-2ec017b6429f","originalAuthorName":"马秀华"},{"authorName":"郭伟","id":"50fa7b9f-1abd-4c4c-8151-88402e93ca7f","originalAuthorName":"郭伟"}],"doi":"","fpage":"979","id":"f5750195-677e-4c2b-870e-ed0a555518c4","issue":"z2","journal":{"abbrevTitle":"XYJSCLYGC","coverImgSrc":"journal/img/cover/XYJSCLYGC.jpg","id":"69","issnPpub":"1002-185X","publisherId":"XYJSCLYGC","title":"稀有金属材料与工程"},"keywords":[{"id":"06cb8d24-2cbb-4ab4-820c-905a80c42292","keyword":"ZnO纳米晶","originalKeyword":"ZnO纳米晶"},{"id":"33dc4755-e764-4339-a91e-4c83db56ea98","keyword":"Y掺杂","originalKeyword":"Y掺杂"},{"id":"c41d4c6c-df80-4fbd-b7aa-897e29097662","keyword":"发光性质","originalKeyword":"发光性质"}],"language":"zh","publisherId":"xyjsclygc2009z2260","title":"ZnO纳米晶的合成、掺杂及发光性能研究","volume":"38","year":"2009"},{"abstractinfo":"采用超声化学方法制备ZnO纳米颗粒,透射电子显微镜(TEM)测试结果显示,合成出的ZnO纳米颗粒尺寸均匀,形状规则.而X-射线衍射(XRD)结果表明,提高反应温度可以促进ZnO的生长.因而,对于合成单一分散的ZnO纳米晶而言,声化学方法是一种非常简便的方法.","authors":[{"authorName":"何旭昭","id":"f8d1a35c-50bf-49c6-9e34-d1a103fafb92","originalAuthorName":"何旭昭"},{"authorName":"史丹","id":"67f2c26f-4a0a-4159-b63c-7e332ad21bf0","originalAuthorName":"史丹"},{"authorName":"程继鹏","id":"8839dee5-d927-46b1-b3d6-8540d8d87853","originalAuthorName":"程继鹏"}],"doi":"","fpage":"545","id":"06aeb5be-4051-475d-aeb1-7b99ecd58fd7","issue":"4","journal":{"abbrevTitle":"CLKXYGCXB","coverImgSrc":"journal/img/cover/CLKXYGCXB.jpg","id":"13","issnPpub":"1673-2812","publisherId":"CLKXYGCXB","title":"材料科学与工程学报"},"keywords":[{"id":"4d5c52b2-dbf5-418d-a122-636cde05c54d","keyword":"均匀分散","originalKeyword":"均匀分散"},{"id":"a7b5be14-7148-4169-a38b-30515116eb18","keyword":"ZnO纳米晶","originalKeyword":"ZnO纳米晶"},{"id":"d6a43d68-89a0-48d5-a9fa-bd5d3b36ef82","keyword":"超声化学","originalKeyword":"超声化学"}],"language":"zh","publisherId":"clkxygc200904013","title":"声化学法制备均匀分散的ZnO纳米晶","volume":"27","year":"2009"},{"abstractinfo":"采用微波水热(microwave hydrothermal,M-H)法在MDS-6型温压双控微波水热反应仪中成功地制备出平均晶粒尺寸为30 nm且呈现棒状形貌的ZnO纳米晶.并在一定的水热温度和反应时间下系统研究了微波水热反应过程中[Zn2+]离子浓度、反应釜填充比、反应物浓度比[Zn2+]/[OH]等工艺因素对ZnO纳米晶的晶粒尺寸及形貌的影响.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)对所制备的ZnO纳米晶进行表征.结果表明:所制备ZnO的平均晶粒尺寸约为30 nm,ZnO纳米晶呈现棒状形貌.随着[Zn2+]离子浓度的增加,ZnO纳米晶的晶粒尺寸先减小后增大;随着反应釜填充比和反应物浓度比[Zn2+]/[OH]的增大,ZnO纳米晶的晶粒尺寸先减小后增大,并逐渐趋于稳定.制备ZnO纳米晶的最佳反应条件为:[Zn2+]=1.6 mol·L-1;反应釜填充比=70%;[Zn2+]/[OH]=1/2.","authors":[{"authorName":"夏昌奎","id":"2b4c9715-ec51-498f-b095-1c49287b24d1","originalAuthorName":"夏昌奎"},{"authorName":"","id":"93bc2a83-efe9-4955-8984-8564242d07ed","originalAuthorName":""},{"authorName":"曹丽云","id":"15a0c171-e974-4098-a4b8-7c2ef4146f8c","originalAuthorName":"曹丽云"},{"authorName":"","id":"8ede25fe-3c25-42e1-9eee-0232758bde09","originalAuthorName":""},{"authorName":"贺海燕","id":"cedd7adb-571f-4632-8c98-2acf7c640a2e","originalAuthorName":"贺海燕"}],"doi":"","fpage":"833","id":"4352a42a-4c10-4f73-9fe9-c6d5f601e30d","issue":"4","journal":{"abbrevTitle":"RGJTXB","coverImgSrc":"journal/img/cover/RGJTXB.jpg","id":"57","issnPpub":"1000-985X","publisherId":"RGJTXB","title":"人工晶体学报"},"keywords":[{"id":"4fb12230-4b45-4dfb-a684-861d1a602bf1","keyword":"微波水热法","originalKeyword":"微波水热法"},{"id":"f1e22096-d3e4-49c7-bf39-e3be88c6de32","keyword":"ZnO","originalKeyword":"ZnO"},{"id":"28bd035f-0066-496e-ac86-19336ca6401c","keyword":"纳米晶","originalKeyword":"纳米晶"}],"language":"zh","publisherId":"rgjtxb98200804013","title":"微波水热法制备ZnO纳米晶","volume":"37","year":"2008"},{"abstractinfo":"在苯乙烯-丙烯酸(酯)共聚物(PSA)乳胶粒上包覆1层碱式碳酸锌,形成PSA/Zn2(OH)2CO3核壳结构微球,以此核壳微球为前驱物,采用不同的焙烧方式制备出不同形貌的ZnO纳米晶.所得ZnO纳米晶的结构和形貌用XRD、TEM和SEM等技术进行了表征.","authors":[{"authorName":"宋彩霞","id":"9fc5aa2b-5d95-4f84-885a-50a5ce2ec97a","originalAuthorName":"宋彩霞"},{"authorName":"王德宝","id":"5e532f82-d7af-4b3e-aa58-bb3ded2c9ee1","originalAuthorName":"王德宝"},{"authorName":"蔺玉胜","id":"0d0f35d6-b398-46e5-9760-5d1f38b402ba","originalAuthorName":"蔺玉胜"},{"authorName":"古国华","id":"43cabf2f-5d79-4055-9055-b3fd37709436","originalAuthorName":"古国华"},{"authorName":"胡正水","id":"713c4b9d-1f8b-4f26-96b3-320698abffb9","originalAuthorName":"胡正水"}],"doi":"","fpage":"5","id":"f5eebbd9-c5b8-44e2-a31a-5e3d4f17794a","issue":"z1","journal":{"abbrevTitle":"XYJSCLYGC","coverImgSrc":"journal/img/cover/XYJSCLYGC.jpg","id":"69","issnPpub":"1002-185X","publisherId":"XYJSCLYGC","title":"稀有金属材料与工程"},"keywords":[{"id":"9592a864-4ab3-4421-aa79-ef392e089eaa","keyword":"ZnO","originalKeyword":"ZnO"},{"id":"1084b6a9-6ff8-4a1a-9bb5-d0911b57c79a","keyword":"纳米晶","originalKeyword":"纳米晶"},{"id":"c91387c4-1a65-497e-97e9-44e5a2e5015b","keyword":"控制合成","originalKeyword":"控制合成"}],"language":"zh","publisherId":"xyjsclygc2005z1002","title":"ZnO纳米晶的控制合成与表征","volume":"34","year":"2005"},{"abstractinfo":"用柠檬酸盐法合成了含Sb3+的ZnO纳米晶,探讨了Sb3+对ZnO纳米晶结构和介电性能的影响、研究了灼烧温度及时间、杂质对ZnO纳米晶晶化过程的影响.用X射线衍射、红外光谱、热重、差热、透射电镜研究了含Sb3+的ZnO纳米晶的性能.","authors":[{"authorName":"张丽华","id":"73a2514a-31ee-4c42-89f2-02f5d49b0281","originalAuthorName":"张丽华"},{"authorName":"王子忱","id":"0cc9ceb2-ca43-4841-8a44-7709d76a5a10","originalAuthorName":"王子忱"},{"authorName":"赵纯","id":"b7a8dbf3-c575-4d6a-b0c4-652442ea92b9","originalAuthorName":"赵纯"},{"authorName":"赵慕愚","id":"a61ea3c0-66c2-47b3-897f-1e7e1d66af78","originalAuthorName":"赵慕愚"},{"authorName":"索辉","id":"bf93ec8f-038d-4955-9f38-5768bcdc6df5","originalAuthorName":"索辉"},{"authorName":"徐宝琨","id":"6adeb787-e0f9-42b5-8922-22909bd5837c","originalAuthorName":"徐宝琨"}],"categoryName":"|","doi":"","fpage":"348","id":"48a48a92-3882-420f-9e27-f2c629626523","issue":"4","journal":{"abbrevTitle":"CLYJXB","coverImgSrc":"journal/img/cover/CLYJXB.jpg","id":"16","issnPpub":"1005-3093","publisherId":"CLYJXB","title":"材料研究学报"},"keywords":[{"id":"d8717b64-6a90-4d99-a457-d225b581b5c5","keyword":"ZnO","originalKeyword":"ZnO"},{"id":"fc48784e-1ddd-494a-8fdd-d1ed309fe181","keyword":" nanocrystalline","originalKeyword":" nanocrystalline"},{"id":"8e6cde73-5c0e-4344-8a28-1f312da307f1","keyword":" doped Sb","originalKeyword":" doped Sb"}],"language":"zh","publisherId":"1005-3093_1994_4_3","title":"掺杂Sb~(3+)的ZnO纳米晶敏感材料的性能","volume":"8","year":"1994"},{"abstractinfo":"以Zn( NO3)2和NaOH为起始原料,采用溶剂热法合成了片状和柱状纳米ZnO.采用XRD、XPS、FE-SEM、BET等对样品的形貌、组成和结构进行了表征.以罗丹明B作为模型污染物来评价其光催化性能,讨论了ZnO的形貌对其活性的影响.结果表明,片状纳米ZnO具有较高的(0001)活性面比例,表现出较高的光催化活性.","authors":[{"authorName":"郭莉","id":"83764699-0701-47c4-ac1a-b79aebad3260","originalAuthorName":"郭莉"},{"authorName":"王丹军","id":"4eaae41f-09ef-477e-ae58-4e91a01a2466","originalAuthorName":"王丹军"},{"authorName":"闫龙","id":"33aba29e-cf38-4adf-a791-fdf8a5ebbf7e","originalAuthorName":"闫龙"},{"authorName":"付峰","id":"7b91d911-0ca4-4c16-a807-347fae76eaa5","originalAuthorName":"付峰"},{"authorName":"强小丹","id":"3125aa45-3c8d-4586-b76a-a9897ace99bd","originalAuthorName":"强小丹"},{"authorName":"刘启瑞","id":"c2119dd2-72fe-4163-aaa5-c58a0f485836","originalAuthorName":"刘启瑞"}],"doi":"","fpage":"1017","id":"aa7f81dc-0bae-4234-b699-9675d1ce317b","issue":"4","journal":{"abbrevTitle":"RGJTXB","coverImgSrc":"journal/img/cover/RGJTXB.jpg","id":"57","issnPpub":"1000-985X","publisherId":"RGJTXB","title":"人工晶体学报"},"keywords":[{"id":"2025af7b-c7dd-4729-8b68-581e494ab4f4","keyword":"溶剂热法","originalKeyword":"溶剂热法"},{"id":"0b282636-22a9-4f39-a509-a4da1aa3529c","keyword":"纳米ZnO","originalKeyword":"纳米ZnO"},{"id":"b7150851-bbbe-485e-be54-d78c4e516f27","keyword":"光催化活性","originalKeyword":"光催化活性"},{"id":"d34deb0a-56cc-4631-a40e-9ff0eed1adfd","keyword":"活性面","originalKeyword":"活性面"}],"language":"zh","publisherId":"rgjtxb98201104039","title":"ZnO纳米晶的面催化活性特性研究","volume":"40","year":"2011"},{"abstractinfo":"ZnO的激子束缚能高达60 meV,具有优良的光学性质.因此,Mn掺杂的ZnO材料研究在磁性半导体领域广泛开展起来.文章采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Mn掺杂的ZnO纳米晶,讨论了在不同退火温度下纳米晶的结构和磁性.XRD结果显示,所有样品均为六角纤锌矿结构.退火后,Mn掺杂ZnO纳米晶的晶格常数均略大于纯净ZnO的晶格常数,表明Mn2+已经替代Zn2+进入ZnO晶格.500 ℃退火的样品在4～300 K温度范围内表现为顺磁性.将退火温度提高到900 ℃后,有少量尖晶石结构的ZnMn2O4存在.室温磁滞回线表明样品具有室温铁磁性,磁性来源于ZnMn2O4.","authors":[{"authorName":"李金华","id":"423322af-8156-43bb-ab34-3d02a8b7e6bf","originalAuthorName":"李金华"},{"authorName":"张吉英","id":"9b41bccb-1dde-46b1-b473-87612440d80f","originalAuthorName":"张吉英"},{"authorName":"赵东旭","id":"cf700783-42c4-472c-b4e4-29e5668f31e7","originalAuthorName":"赵东旭"},{"authorName":"吕有明","id":"9e965ef1-88a1-4e4a-ae3e-51d13046b797","originalAuthorName":"吕有明"},{"authorName":"申德振","id":"024092a9-4cef-415d-bfba-53f93f7f65fa","originalAuthorName":"申德振"},{"authorName":"范希武","id":"634fb307-b2d8-43ea-a3f6-073e50d9b47c","originalAuthorName":"范希武"}],"doi":"10.3969/j.issn.1007-2780.2007.01.003","fpage":"11","id":"51ecac3e-218e-4e59-8e1d-322b1d742ee4","issue":"1","journal":{"abbrevTitle":"YJYXS","coverImgSrc":"journal/img/cover/YJYXS.jpg","id":"72","issnPpub":"1007-2780","publisherId":"YJYXS","title":"液晶与显示 "},"keywords":[{"id":"e79c13d8-e053-490b-bee1-6b1ff6f71bf1","keyword":"Mn掺杂ZnO","originalKeyword":"Mn掺杂ZnO"},{"id":"218b1a33-25df-4875-a1e9-1bb6cc6ac605","keyword":"退火","originalKeyword":"退火"},{"id":"6a38660c-17a4-415f-95c1-bbb4d11d5046","keyword":"结构","originalKeyword":"结构"},{"id":"2e6cf89c-fefc-4b1f-ac36-408358c12ee9","keyword":"磁性","originalKeyword":"磁性"}],"language":"zh","publisherId":"yjyxs200701003","title":"不同退火温度下Mn掺杂ZnO纳米晶的结构和磁性","volume":"22","year":"2007"},{"abstractinfo":"本实验采用溶液法合成球状及棒状ZnO纳米晶.X射线衍射分析(XRD)显示合成的纳米晶为六方纤锌矿结构ZnO.紫外可见光(UV-vis)光谱和透射电镜(TEM)图表明通过改变反应时间可以控制ZnO纳米棒的长度.随着反应时间从90min延长到360min,纳米棒的长度可以从25nm长大到60nm.同时,纳米晶的室温光致发光谱(PL)具有强烈的近带边发射,在LED和LD等光电器件上有一定的应用前景.","authors":[{"authorName":"王庆玲","id":"d20d963e-d57d-4699-b668-30794d0ebe23","originalAuthorName":"王庆玲"},{"authorName":"朱帅","id":"3b15c6ae-98e8-4223-a210-14e77fe92936","originalAuthorName":"朱帅"},{"authorName":"屠瑶","id":"9769f8ac-5653-49c0-bbd7-3fcb2204398c","originalAuthorName":"屠瑶"},{"authorName":"金一政","id":"5283ea7d-4566-48bb-a9f4-f5a1573db389","originalAuthorName":"金一政"},{"authorName":"叶志镇","id":"54ed7da3-121d-446e-9b20-a9321375311d","originalAuthorName":"叶志镇"}],"doi":"","fpage":"494","id":"8597683d-b911-486d-ae92-3a1648a404f8","issue":"4","journal":{"abbrevTitle":"CLKXYGCXB","coverImgSrc":"journal/img/cover/CLKXYGCXB.jpg","id":"13","issnPpub":"1673-2812","publisherId":"CLKXYGCXB","title":"材料科学与工程学报"},"keywords":[{"id":"0e6454d0-c0c9-4dc1-b996-cb58884c77f5","keyword":"ZnO","originalKeyword":"ZnO"},{"id":"0fc600d2-9e76-4ffd-8da3-d443d806ae01","keyword":"纳米晶","originalKeyword":"纳米晶"},{"id":"ab5aabac-025f-44ca-9131-953a893dfc10","keyword":"溶液法","originalKeyword":"溶液法"},{"id":"dd8ff420-fd18-4260-ad72-f46d09619d22","keyword":"量子限域效应","originalKeyword":"量子限域效应"}],"language":"zh","publisherId":"clkxygc201004005","title":"反应时间对球状及棒状ZnO纳米晶的影响","volume":"28","year":"2010"},{"abstractinfo":"以Zn (Ac)2·2H2O为原料在强碱性条件下合成一维结构的ZnO纳米线,SEM结果表明合成的纳米线尺寸、形貌、长径比均一;并以油胺为单一溶剂采用热注射法制备了形貌、尺寸均匀的PbS纳米晶;构建PbS纳米晶敏化ZnO纳米线基太阳能电池,同时为了改善电池的光电转换效率并构建了PbS/CdS纳米晶共敏化电池,并测试了电池的光电流密度-光电压(J-v)曲线以及Nyquist曲线图,结果表明PbS/CdS纳米晶共敏化电池性能明显优于单纯的PbS纳米晶敏化ZnO纳米线太阳能电池.","authors":[{"authorName":"娄慧慧","id":"24e7c361-3fb8-4842-9199-ac5dfd9ac5fb","originalAuthorName":"娄慧慧"},{"authorName":"娄天军","id":"6565b1d2-eee5-461c-86d7-df693a583503","originalAuthorName":"娄天军"},{"authorName":"崔晓瑞","id":"f200182d-6f72-4dc2-8fb3-79d65991690e","originalAuthorName":"崔晓瑞"},{"authorName":"张玉泉","id":"5b83cea9-02a9-47a6-852a-40d5a379b806","originalAuthorName":"张玉泉"},{"authorName":"乔梅英","id":"3c9dda63-17b8-450f-b4e3-a7df006a009b","originalAuthorName":"乔梅英"}],"doi":"","fpage":"614","id":"9d231d79-82c9-45fe-ad76-6cf78a57655b","issue":"3","journal":{"abbrevTitle":"RGJTXB","coverImgSrc":"journal/img/cover/RGJTXB.jpg","id":"57","issnPpub":"1000-985X","publisherId":"RGJTXB","title":"人工晶体学报"},"keywords":[{"id":"ded8bbae-51bf-4c80-ae7c-264421077bff","keyword":"PbS/CdS纳米晶","originalKeyword":"PbS/CdS纳米晶"},{"id":"326d15a1-c53f-4856-a3fe-81ede3d271ce","keyword":"ZnO纳米线","originalKeyword":"ZnO纳米线"},{"id":"a752bfb9-b7f5-4185-8408-209a9aa30028","keyword":"共敏化太阳能电池","originalKeyword":"共敏化太阳能电池"},{"id":"d39993fe-ab41-467f-a3b5-58288a8ca3a9","keyword":"转换效率","originalKeyword":"转换效率"}],"language":"zh","publisherId":"rgjtxb98201403025","title":"PbS/CdS纳米晶共敏化ZnO纳米线太阳能电池的性能研究","volume":"43","year":"2014"}],"totalpage":4451,"totalrecord":44505}