Sol-gel法制备耐蚀涂层对提高基材的化学耐久性、防止氧化、控制腐蚀有显著的效果,有望完全替代传统材料表面腐蚀控制处理使用的毒性物质铬酸盐处理工艺,可以减轻对环境的污染,是一项可持续发展的表面处理技术.为了阐述该项技术的工艺方法及特点,综述了Sol-gel法制备技术在不同的金属基体--不锈钢、铝合金和铜合金表面中的应用现状和最新研究进展.分析了采用Sol-gel法制备耐蚀涂层可以有效地阻止腐蚀介质对基体金属材料的破坏,延长材料在实际应用环境中的使用寿命等方面的作用原理,从理论上对Sol-gel耐蚀涂层的形成机制和耐蚀机理进行了初步讨论,并对Sol-gel技术的应用前景作一简要展望.
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