当高速粒子喷涂复杂曲面部件时,绝大部分粒子与部件表面将呈一定角度侵切,非垂直入射粒子对涂层形成及特性将产生重要影响.采用有限元数值计算方法,研究冷喷涂材料改性过程中铜粒子与铜基体非垂直碰撞的变形行为.针对单个粒子以相同入射速度不同入射角度的碰撞条件,探讨粒子与基体的结合强度、侵彻深度以及绝热剪切失稳的发生条件.结果表明:有角度碰撞相对于理想垂直碰撞,冷喷涂沉积效果的情况是恶化的,随着入射角度的增大,粒子侵彻深度逐渐减少,粒子与基体的结合强度也逐渐减弱,甚至不会嵌入基体而发生脱离.发生绝热剪切失稳的条件是入射速度的法向分量大于碰撞过程的临界速度.
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