用光学显微镜、X-射线衍射及扫描电镜能谱等方法,研究了五铢钱币的化学组成及表面腐蚀特点.通过对模拟青铜样片进行锈蚀产生条件及腐蚀特征的分析,研究了铜币的腐蚀机理.研究表明,尽管不同钱币表面上的化学元素含量差异较大,但钱币基体的元素含量约为Cu 82%～86%,Sn 2%～4%,Pb 7%～11%,属于青铜材料.Fe、Si和Al的含量较低.钱币腐蚀产物以多种形式附着在铜币表面,淡绿色的粉状腐蚀产物主要为Cu2(OH)3Cl(绿铜矿),致密的绿色腐蚀产物主要为Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2(蓝铜矿),坚硬致密的墨绿色突出结状物为Cu2(OH)2CO3(孔雀石),土绿色锈蚀为铜锈与铁锈的混合物,锈层较厚.模拟腐蚀研究表明,Cl-、O2、H2O及酸性条件共存是五铢钱币腐蚀的主要因素.
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