A206铝合金在金属型浇铸过程中具有高热裂倾向,难以用来制造重要铸件.采用超声分散法制备A206/1%Al2O3(质量分数,下同)纳米复合材料,在钢模中浇铸受限杆铸件来评价其热裂敏感性,利用光学显微镜(OM)和扫描电镜(SEM)对微观组织进行分析.结果表明:加入的A12O3纳米粒子在凝固过程中成为有效的异质形核核心,不仅使α-Al初晶从粗大枝晶转变为细小等轴晶,平均晶粒尺寸从164 μm降至26μm,而且在剩余液相中诱发形成大量富Fe,Mn的薄片状中间相,消除了粗大CuAl2相,从而显著降低了A206铝合金的热裂敏感性.
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