分别采用常规工艺和阶梯状工艺的方法,对添加Ni+Nb复合中间层的TC4钛合金与1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢真空扩散焊进行了研究.利用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)以及能谱分析(EDS)对接头的组织结构、元素分布进行了分析,测试了接头的力学性能并分析了断口形貌和元素分布.结果表明,通过添加Ni+Nb中间层成功阻止了Fe-Ti金属间化合物生成,接头界面过渡区组织自不锈钢侧依次为Fe-Cr-Ni固溶体、Ni-Nb反应层、剩余Nb及Nb-Ti固溶体.阶梯状工艺下接头的结合质量明显优于常规工艺下的接头,在阶梯状工艺上限温度900℃条件下接头抗拉强度达到了396MPa,断口分析表明,接头断裂于Ni-Nb形成的反应层,该反应层是由Ni,Nb和少量Ni6Nb7金属间化合物组成的混合层,为接头过渡区关键环节.
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