基于氧化硅气凝胶粉体材料内部的微结构特征,建立了能反映其特征结构的多尺度力学模型,利用分子动力学方法模拟了氧化硅气凝胶的纳米多孔结构和拉伸性能,进一步利用离散元方法模拟了粉体材料的模压成形和多轴压缩应力-应变曲线.分子动力学模拟表明,气凝胶密度越低,其分形维数越小.此外,离散元模拟表明,氧化硅气凝胶粉体材料的弹性模量比对应的氧化硅气凝胶弹性模量低,压缩强度比对应气凝胶的拉伸强度高;随着围压的增加,氧化硅气凝胶粉体材料的压缩强度增加.
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