描述了有机EL器件结构设计与其效率和寿命的关系, 混合型结构的有机ELD的效率和寿命要比传统异质结构器件高得多. 采用阳极buffer layer(如CuPc)、阴极buffer layer(如LiF)以及向HTL(空穴传输层)中的染料掺杂也会明显提高效率并增加寿命. 比较了不同阴极接触模式, 如Al∶Li/Alq3, Al/LiF/Alq3, Al/LiF∶Alq3/Alq3及 Al/Li∶Alq3/Alq3等对器件效率及寿命影响差异. 结果表明, 无论哪种阴极接触模式都会提高器件的效率及寿命; 而对阳极buffer layer或引入染料掺杂模式, 均可以控制或调整空穴的注入, 阴极buffer layer是为了增加电子注入, 两者目的都是为了防止或减少在发光分子(如Alq3)中被称之为"空穴阳离子”(如[Alq3]+)的不稳定剂的产生.
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