量子信息中的腔QED方案简介

量子电子学报 , 2004, 21(2): 244-256. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-5461.2004.02.016

量子信息中的腔QED方案简介

曹卓良 ^1, , 李英群 ^2, , 汪贤才 ^3, , 杨名 ^4,

1.安徽大学物理系,安徽,合肥,230039;池州师范专科学校物理系,安徽,池州,247000

2.安徽大学物理系,安徽,合肥,230039

3.池州师范专科学校物理系,安徽,池州,247000

4.安徽大学物理系,安徽,合肥,230039

基金项目: 安徽省教育厅科研项目(2004ki005zd) 安徽大学校科研和教改项目安徽省自然科学基金(03042401)

关键词：量子光学 , 腔量子电动力学 , 纠缠态 , 量子隐形传态 , 逻辑门 , 量子网络

Cavity QED technology in quantum information

在量子信息领域,腔量子电动力学(Cavity-QED)方案被认为是最有效的量子信息方案之一.随着技术的发展,越来越多的量子信息处理过程可通过腔-QED方案在实验上实现,例如,纠缠态的制备和量子逻辑门的实现.这里,我们将腔-QED的发展作一综述.腔-QED方案的核心就是腔场和原子的相互作用.根据原子的跃频率和场模频率的关系,我们可以将上述相互作用分为两大类:共振相互作用(原子的跃迁频率等于场模频率)和失谐相互作用(原子的跃迁频率与场模频率的失谐量很大).从这两不同的方案出发,我们都可以实现:纠缠态的制备、未知量子态的隐形传输和量子逻辑门的构建.但是在共振相互作用中,量子信息处理过程对腔的Q值要求很高,这就使得实验实现很困难.而大失谐相互作用对腔的Q值要求大大降低,使得实验实现成为可能.通过比较,我们认为,大失谐方案为量子信息处理开辟了广阔的前景,使量子网络和量子计算机在不久的将来成为可能.

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