可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱(TDLAS)技术是利用二极管激光器的波长调谐特性,获得被选定的待测气体特征吸收线的吸收光谱,从而对污染气体进行定性或者定量分析.在大气痕量气体和气体泄漏的监测中,为了提高探测的灵敏度,一般会根据具体情况对激光器采取不同的调制技术如波长调制、振幅调制、频率或者位相调制等,同时和长光程吸收池相结合使用,并辅之以各种噪声压缩技术.TDLAS不仅精度较高,选择性强而且响应速度快,已经广泛用于大气中多种痕量气体的检测以及地面的痕量气体和气体泄漏的检测.报道了最近研制的一套可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱检测大气中甲烷浓度的实验装置,这套装置具有灵敏度高、检测限低(ppb量级)、易于集成为便携式痕量气体检测仪等优点,若激光器的调谐波长范围能覆盖1.3～1.8 μm或者在光路中装配几台窄范围可调谐激光器实现波长扫描范围覆盖1.3～1.8μm,则可同时实现对大气中诸多重要痕量气体如CO2、CH4、CO、CH2O、H2S、NH3、HCI、C2H2等的同步监测.
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