研究了金属-介质-金属(MDM)型表面等离子体激元(SPP)光波导的电磁特性.理论计算结果表明,对于633 nm的TM偏振入射光,当介质膜层厚度小于85 nm时,波导中只能激发产生一阶SPP模(基模),其余高阶模全部截止.随着介质膜厚度增加,高阶SPP模逐渐被激发产生.当介质膜层厚度较小时,SPP模有效折射率的实部随阶数增加而减小,而虚部则随阶数增加而增加,SPP基模具有最大传输距离.然而,当MDM波导中的介质层厚度超过0.555 μm时,由于三阶SPP模的电磁场主要集中在离金属层相对较远的介质层中,其有效折射率的虚部具有最小值,具有最大的传输距离,而非基模.当入射光波长为633 nm,介质层厚度为0.9 μm时,Ag/SiO2/Ag光波导中三阶SPP模的传输距离达到约150 μm.
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