以乙炔为原料气,采用铁-镍复合催化剂,在700 ℃下,由化学气相沉积法(CVD)制得了直径为10 nm～30 nm的多壁碳纳米管(MWNT).然后通过空气氧化法对所获碳纳米管进行提纯,去除了碳纳米管中的无定形炭、炭纳米颗粒及炭纤维等非晶碳成分,提高了碳纳米管的纯度;并研究了提纯温度和时间的关系.结果表明:碳纳米管在空气中440 ℃加热3 h后,烧损率趋于平稳,基本上稳定在2 %左右.使用透射电镜(TEM)考察提纯前后碳纳米管的形貌,发现碳纳米管在空气中440 ℃加热3 h后,非晶碳成分基本去除,纯度得到提高.
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