以超临界水(SCW)活化褐煤制取活性炭为目的,在半连续SCW反应装置上,研究了活化温度(600℃～700 ℃)、压力(0.1MPa～30MPa)和KOH添加量(质量分数为0%～15%)对小龙潭褐煤所制活性炭吸附性能和孔结构的影响.结果表明:升高活化温度有利于煤转化率、活性炭BET比表面和碘吸附值的增加,同时中孔比例也明显升高.与相同温度下常压水蒸气活化相比,SCW活化反应有利于活性炭的吸附性能和中孔比例的升高.650℃时活化压力由0.1 MPa升至25MPa,活性炭BET比表面增加74%,中孔所占比例增加38%左右.煤中添加质量分数10%KOH可进一步促进孔隙生成,活性炭BET比表面可达825 m2/g.此外,KOH还可与煤中的矿物质发生反应,通过酸洗脱除活性炭中的灰分至质量分数2%以下.
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