用聚乙烯醇(PVA)、乙酸纤维素(CA)、冰醋酸、金属氯化物、水为制膜原料,用相转化法制备了掺杂金属氯化物的PVA-CA共混超滤膜.金属氯化物包括碱金属氯化物NaCl、KC1和碱土金属氯化物BaCl2.在一定浓度范围内,研究了金属氯化物含量对共混超滤膜性能的影响.结果表明,当膜液中碱金属氯化物NaCl、KCl的质量分数不超过1%时,改性共混膜在截留性能基本不变的情况下,可提高纯水通量;当其质量分数大于1.5%时,膜的纯水通量显著增加,而截留率随之而降低.其适宜的添加量约为1%,而对碱土金属氯化物BaCl2,其较佳的添加量约为1.5%;在相同操作条件下,对同样质量浓度的添加量,添加KCl的共混膜水通量最大.PVA-CA共混膜经NaCl和KCl改性后,其亲水性有所增加,经BaCl2改性后亲水性略有降低.
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