用旋转滴法测定了微乳液体系(OP-4+OP-7)/苯甲醇/D2EHPA/环己烷/HCl水溶液的表面活性组分非离子型表面活性剂壬基酚聚氧乙烯(4)醚(OP-4)、壬基酚聚氧乙烯(7)醚(OP-7)、助表面活性剂苯甲醇和萃取剂D2EHPA[二(2-乙基己基)磷酸]的环己烷溶液与水之间的液-液界面张力,根据Gibbs吸附公式计算了各活性组分的吸附量和分子横截面积,讨论了OP-4、OP-7、苯甲醇和D2EHPA的界面活性和分子结构对微乳液相平衡体系形成的影响,同时进行了用微乳液体系(OP-4+OP-7)/苯甲醇/D2EHPA/煤油/HCl水溶液萃取稀土钕的一些试验.结果表明,四个活性组分在环己烷/HCl水溶液中吸附达饱和时OP-7、OP-4、D2EHPA、苯甲醇的分子横截面积分别为67.8×10-20m2、55.2×10-20m2、47.3×10-20m2、115.4×10-20 m2;OP-4、OP-7在环己烷中的临界胶束浓度分别为3.3×10-3 mol/L和8.2×10-4mol/L;界面活性顺序为OP-7＞OP-4＞D2EHPA＞苯甲醇.采用微乳液和中空纤维膜萃取器相结合对钕进行逆流萃取时,则既可得到高的萃取率,又可得到较好的富集效果.
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