通过改变聚偏氟乙烯膜的制膜条件,采用扫描电镜观察了膜孔的不同结构.观察了膜的皮层结构、海绵状孔、指状孔以及指状孔壁的结构.根据实验解释了膜的皮层和支撑层孔的形成机理.膜的皮层按旋节线分相机理形成,主要由热力学因素决定.溶剂和沉淀剂通过皮层扩散交换速率的快慢决定膜的支撑层的孔结构,膜的支撑层的孔结构按成核生长机理进行,这里动力学因素起到主要作用.溶剂和沉淀剂通过皮层的扩散速率快,膜的支撑层形成指状孔结构;扩散速率慢,膜的支撑层形成海绵状孔结构;扩散速率适中,膜的断面上部形成指状孔结构,下部形成海绵状孔结构.
参考文献
| [1] | Uragami T;Fujimoto M;Sugihara M .Studies on syntheses and permeabilities of special polymer membranes.28.Permeation characteristics and structure of interpolymer membranes from poly (vinylidene fluoride) and poly (styrene sulfonic acid)[J].Desalination,1980,34:311-323. |
| [2] | Cheng LP.;You WM.;Young TH. .Formation of crystalline EVAL membranes by controlled mass transfer process in water-DMSO-EVAL copolymer systems[J].Journal of Membrane Science,1998(1):77-90. |
| [3] | Bottino A;Roda G C;Capannelli G et al.The formation of microporous polyvinylidene difluoride membranes by phase separation[J].Journal of Membrane Science,1991,57:1-20. |
| [4] | Yin XL.;Wang X.;Yao YX.;Cheng HB. .Morphology and properties of hollow-fiber membrane made by PAN mixing with small amount of PVDF[J].Journal of Membrane Science,1998(2):179-184. |
| [5] | Jian K.;Pintauro PN. .ASYMMETRIC PVDF HOLLOW-FIBER MEMBRANES FOR ORGANIC/WATER PERVAPORATION SEPARATIONS[J].Journal of Membrane Science,1997(1):41-53. |
| [6] | Matz R .The structure of cellulose acetate membranes I The development of porous structures in anisotropic membranes[J].Desalination,1972,10:1-15. |
| [7] | Strathmann H;Kock K;Amar P .The fprmation mechanism of asymmetric membranes[J].Desalination,1975,16:179-203. |
| [8] | Ray R J;Krantz W B;Sani R L .Linear stability theory model for finger formation in asymmetric membranes[J].Journal of Membrane Science,1985,23:155-182. |
| [9] | Smolders C A;Reuvers A J;Boom R M et al.Microstructures in phase-inversion membranes.Part 1.Formation of macrovoeds[J].Journal of Membrane Science,1992,73:259-275. |
| [10] | Scott A. McKelvey;William J. Koros .Phase separation, vitrification, and the manifestation of macrovoids in polymeric asymmetric membranes[J].Journal of Membrane Science,1996(1):29-39. |
| [11] | Stropnik C.;Zerjal B.;Germic L. .MORPHOLOGY VARIETY AND FORMATION MECHANISMS OF POLYMERIC MEMBRANES PREPARED BY WET PHASE INVERSION[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,1996(10):1821-1830. |
| [12] | 陈立新;沈新元 .相转化法的湿法成膜机理[J].膜科学与技术,1997,17(03):1-6. |
| [13] | Matsuyama H.;Kitamura Y.;Nishiguchi M. .Phase separation mechanism during membrane formation by dry-cast process[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2000(4):776-783. |
| [14] | Wienk M;Boomgaard V;Smolders C A .The formation of nodular structures in the top layer of ultrafiltration membranes[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,1994,53:1011-1023. |
| [15] | Reuvers A J;Smolders C A .Formation of membranes by means of immersion precipitation.Part Ⅱ.The mechanism of formation of membranes prepared from the system cellulose acetate-acetone-eater[J].Journal of Membrane Science,1987,34:67-86. |
| [16] | 俞三传,高从皆.浸入沉淀相转化法制膜[J].膜科学与技术,2000(05):36-41. |
| [17] | 李战胜,李恕广,江成璋.浸入凝胶法聚合物膜形成机理的研究现状[J].膜科学与技术,2002(02):29-36. |
| [18] | Matsuyama H.;Kitamura Y.;Nishiguchi M. .Phase separation mechanism during membrane formation by dry-cast process[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2000(4):776-783. |
| [19] | Lin DJ.;Beltsios K.;Chang CL.;Cheng LP. .Fine structure and formation mechanism of particulate phase-inversion poly(vinylidene fluoride) membranes[J].Journal of Polymer Science, Part B. Polymer Physics,2003(13):1578-1588. |
| [20] | 卜海军,陈鸣才,许凯.倒相法制备聚偏氟乙烯多孔膜大孔的研究[J].精细化工,2005(02):99-102. |
| [21] | Ren Jizhong;Li Zhansheng;Foolsin Wong .Membrane structure control of BTDA-TDI/DMI(P84) co-polyimide asymmetric membranes by wet-phase inversion process[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2004,241:305-314. |
| [22] | Zheng Qingzhu;Wang Peng;Yang Yanan.Rheological and thermodynamic variation in polysulfone solution by PEG introduction and its effect on kinetics of membrane formation via phase-inversion process[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2006 |
| [23] | Pei-yong Qin;Cui-xian Chen;Yan-bin Yun;Zhen Chen;Takuji Shintani .Formation kinetics of a polyphthalazine ether sulfone ketone membrane via phase inversion[J].Desalination: The International Journal on the Science and Technology of Desalting and Water Purification,2006(1/3):229-237. |
| [24] | Qin Peiyong;Chen Cuixian;Han Binbing et al.Preparation of poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone) asymmetric ultrafiltration membrane Ⅱ.The gelation process[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2006,268:181-188. |
| [25] | Yeow M L;Liu Yutie;Li K .Preparation of porodies us PVDF hollow fibre membrane via a phase inversion method using lithium perchlorate(LiClO4)as an additive[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2005,258:16-22. |
| [26] | Enrica Fontananova;Johannes C.Jansen;Alessandra Cristiano;Efrem Curcio;Enrico Drioli .Effect of additives in the casting solution on the formation of PVDF membranes[J].Desalination: The International Journal on the Science and Technology of Desalting and Water Purification,2006(1/3):190-197. |
| [27] | Sivakumar M;Mohan DR;Rangarajan R .Studies on cellulose acetate-polysulfone ultrafiltration membranes - II. Effect of additive concentration[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2006(2):208-219. |
| [28] | Yang Yongqiang;Jian Xigao;Yang Daling et al.Poly (phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone) (PPESK) hollow fibre asymmetric nanofiltration membranes:preparation,morphologies and properties[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2006,270:1-12. |
| [29] | 陆茵,陈欢林,李伯耿.溶剂浓度对PVDF相转换膜大孔结构的影响[J].高分子学报,2003(06):852-857. |
上一张
下一张
上一张
下一张
计量
- 下载量()
- 访问量()
文章评分
- 您的评分：
-
10%
-
20%
-
30%
-
40%
-
50%