采用聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)中空纤维疏水微孔膜,以质量分数3.5%NaCl水溶液为模拟海水测试液,进行膜蒸馏脱盐实验.比较了真空(VMD)、气扫式(SGMD)和直接接触膜蒸馏(DCMD)过程的脱盐性能,考察了料液温度、流速、浓度以及冷侧冷凝条件等操作条件对过程性能的影响.结果表明:VMD过程的产水通量最高,达到21.8 L/(m2·h);DCMD次之,SGMD最小.三种MD过程的渗透通量均随料液温度的升高而增大,随料液浓度的增加而降低;SG-MD和VMD过程通量分别随冷侧气体流速和真空度增加而提高,而DCMD过程通量则几乎不随冷却水流速变化而改变.SGMD、DCMD和VMD过程的脱盐率分别为99.97%、99.98%和99.99%,几乎不随操作条件而改变.
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