以聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)为制膜材料、N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)为溶剂、γ-丁内酯(GBL)为弱非溶剂以及纯水为凝胶剂,采用浸没沉淀法制备了系列平板膜和厚度梯度膜,考察了GBL的存在对铸膜液黏度、平板膜及厚度梯度膜结构的影响.随着GBL浓度的增加,PEI铸膜液的黏度会增大,当m(GBL):m(NMP)达到69.6:15.4时,PEI聚合物溶液黏度急剧增大,促使PEI聚合物溶液由单一均相溶液向贫/富两相区转化.GBL浓度增加的同时,PEI膜结构形态逐渐由完全的指状结构向海绵结构转化.就PEI厚度梯度膜而言,当膜厚增加到临界结构转化厚度L<,c>时,海绵状结构开始向指状孔结构转变.铸膜液体系中GBL浓度的增加延迟了厚度梯度膜中海绵状结构向指状孔结构的转化,临界结构转化厚度L<,c>随着铸膜液体系中GBL浓度的增加而增加.
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