以聚氯乙烯(PVC)为膜材料,N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)为溶剂,全氟磺酸(PFSA)为添加剂,采用湿法制备了性能较好的PVC中空纤维共混超滤膜.研究了芯液组成对PVC-PFSA中空纤维膜性能的影响,研究结果表明:纯水通量随全氟磺酸浓度的增加而增加,可达1530 L/(m2·h·MPa).通过调节芯液中DMAc的含量,可以有效调控PVC-PFSA中空纤维膜的内表面和断面结构.PFSA含量2.5%,随着芯液中DMAc含量的增加,PVC-PFSA中空纤维膜断面的双排指状孔逐渐向单排指状孔过渡,孔隙率增大.当DMAc含量增加到95%时,在PVC-PFSA中空纤维膜的内表面可以形成明显的多孔状结构,膜通量大幅度提高,可达1 180 L/(m2·h·MPa).
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