采用粉体辐射接枝丙烯酸的聚偏氟乙烯( PVDF-g - PAA)为材料,以浸没沉淀相转化法制备PVDF- g- PAA超滤膜,研究了接枝后材料溶解性能的变化、以及溶剂种类、聚合物浓度、添加剂种类及浓度、凝胶浴温度制膜参数对PVDF- g- PAA膜结构及性能的影响.结果表明:辐射接枝丙烯酸后,聚合物的溶度参数增大,同时聚合物的极性也增强.在溶剂影响的考察中,以二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)和N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)为溶剂制备的PVDF-g-PAA膜表面致密,透过通量小,对牛血清蛋白( BSA)截留率高；而以二甲基亚砜(DMSO)为溶剂制备的PVDF - g- PAA膜表面孔径较大,透过通量最大,对BSA截留率迅速下降；聚合物浓度的增加使得PVDF- g- PAA膜结构更加致密,纯水通量降低,截留率增加；随着添加剂PEG400浓度的增加,PVDF-g-PAA膜透过通量增加,膜的皮层多孔性增加,厚度增加,大孔发生的起始点向膜内部迁移；在考察的温度区间内(12～23℃),随着凝胶浴温度的升高,PVDF-g -PAA膜通量变大,截留率降低.
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