以苯为碳源、二茂铁为催化剂在竖式炉中用流动法制备出外径为40~80nm,内径20~40nm,长度50~500μm的碳纳米管;并在1800,2500,2800,2900℃温度下分别对其进行高温石墨化处理.X射线衍射(XRD)分析结果显示,随着温度的增加,碳纳米管的微晶层间距减小,片层结构趋向规整,同时石墨微晶沿a轴和c轴长大,有效改善了碳纳米管的微观结构.碳纳米管里层的乱层结构石墨化所需能量由热能提供,整个过程包括非碳原子的排除、多核芳环平面组织结构化、微晶重排、微晶合并与长大;外层的无定型碳主要靠铁的催化作用实现石墨化.
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