针对脉冲功率领域最常采用的环氧树脂、交联聚苯乙烯和聚乙烯3种典型绝缘材料,设计了一套适用于真空中且可以控温的标准三电极系统.在真空中对不同温度和频率下的介电参数(介电常数、介质损耗、表面电阻率和体积电阻率)进行了测试,并研究了烘烤对其介电性能的影响.结果表明:在不同的温度和频率下,3种材料中聚乙烯的εΓ和tanδ最小,环氧树脂最大;交联聚苯乙烯的体积电阻率和表面电阻率最大,环氧树脂和聚乙烯次之.烘烤可在一定程度上降低绝缘材料的介电常数和电阻率.综合比较3种材料的电性能和耐热性能,其中交联聚苯乙烯的性能最好,适用于真空脉冲功率领域绝缘.
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