采用有限差分方法,对铝电解槽炉底存在以下四种结壳时的阴极电位场进行了三维模拟计算:①炉底无其他结壳且伸腿长度为零的理想情况;②阳极中缝处存在结壳;③阳极中下部存在结壳;④炉底无其他结壳而伸腿伸至阳极正投影以内时.通过计算得知,当结壳位于炉底阳极中缝处时,结壳对于电解槽阴极电位分布影响最小.随着结壳位置向槽侧部的移动,其对阴极电位分布的影响逐渐加大.对阴极电位分布影响最大的为侧部伸腿.随着伸腿长度的加大,不仅电位分布发生很大变化,炉底压降也迅速上升.因此,对炉底伸腿必须严格控制.
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