本文综述了纳米材料的生物和环境效应,对TiO2,C60和Fe粉等的最新研究报告作了分析比较,并对纳米粒子的量子点效应及影响进行了阐述.从纳米粒子的尺寸效应,表面效应等性质提出其可能对细胞的影响,包括破坏细胞膜结构,表面载体蛋白,受体等的破坏,及细胞的生长和代谢等方面的作用机理作了探讨.而纳米粒子的环境效应主要是其存在形式、降解过程和空气中的粉尘对人体的危害.提出制定纳米材料安全性评价和绿色化生产的相关标准建议,为纳米材料的可持续发展研究提供参考.
参考文献
| [1] | 张力德;牟季美.纳米材料学[M].沈阳:辽宁科学技术出版社,1994 |
| [2] | 张梅,陈焕春,杨绪杰,陆路德,汪信.纳米材料的研究现状及展望[J].导弹与航天运载技术,2000(03):11-16. |
| [3] | Oberdorster G;Finkelstein J N;Johnston C .[J].Research Report/Health Effects Institute,2000,96:5-74. |
| [4] | Afaq F;Abidi P;Matin R;Rahman Q .Cytotoxicity, pro-oxidant effects and antioxidant depletion in rat lung alveolar macrophages exposed to ultrafine titanium dioxide.[J].Journal of applied toxicology,1998(5):307-312. |
| [5] | Oberdorster G;Ferin J;Gelein R et al.[J].Environmental Health Perspectives,1992,97:193-199. |
| [6] | Oberdorster G;Ferin J;Lehnert B E .[J].Environmental Health Perspectives,1994,102(zk):173-179. |
| [7] | Zhang Q;Kusaka Y;Sato K;Nakakuki K;Kohyama N;Donaldson K .Differences in the extent of inflammation caused by intratracheal exposure to three ultrafine metals: role of free radicals.[J].Journal of toxicology and environmental health, Part A,1998(6):423-438. |
| [8] | Osier M;Oberdorster G .[J].Fundamental and Applied Toxicology,1997,40(02):220-227. |
| [9] | Rahman Q.;Lohani M.;Dopp E.;Pemsel H.;Jonas L.;Weiss DG.;Schiffmann D. .Evidence that ultrafine titanium dioxide induces micronuclei and apoptosis in Syrian hamster embryo fibroblasts[J].Environmental Health Perspectives,2002(8):797-800. |
| [10] | Renwick LC;Donaldson K;Clouter A .Impairment of alveolar macrophage phagocytosis by ultrafine particles.[J].Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology,2001(2):119-127. |
| [11] | Lam CW;James JT;McCluskey R;Hunter RL .Pulmonary toxicity of single-wall carbon nanotubes in mice 7 and 90 days after intratracheal instillation.[J].Toxicological sciences: An official journal of the Society of Toxicology,2004(1):126-134. |
| [12] | Wang Hai-fang;Liu Yuan-fang;Zhao Yu-liang et al.Preparation and biodistribution of 125I-labeled water-soluble single-wall carbon nanotubes[J].Nanoscience Nanotechnology,2004,4(08):1-8. |
| [13] | 王海芳,邓小勇,王竞,高兴发,邢更妹,施祖进,顾镇南,刘元方,赵宇亮.XPS研究单壁碳纳米管（SWNTs）上碳与碘形成的共价键[J].物理化学学报,2004(07):673-675. |
| [14] | Derfus A M;Chan W V W;Bhatia S N.Probing the cytotxicity of semiconductor quantum dots[J].Nano Letters,2004(01):11-18. |
| [15] | Warheit DB;Laurence BR;Reed KL;Roach DH;Reynolds GA;Webb TR .Comparative pulmonary toxicity assessment of single-wall carbon nanotubes in rats.[J].Toxicological sciences: An official journal of the Society of Toxicology,2004(1):117-125. |
| [16] | Zhou Ya-mei;Zhong Cai-Yun;Kennedy I M et al.Pulmonary responses of acute exposure to ultrafine iron particles in healthy adult rats[J].Environmental Toxicology,2003,18:227-235. |
| [17] | 马明,朱毅,张宇,张东生,唐祖明,张海黔,顾宁.四氧化三铁纳米粒子与癌细胞相互作用的初步研究[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版),2003(02):205-207. |
| [18] | 金一和,孙鹏,张颖花.纳米材料对人体的潜在性影响问题[J].自然杂志,2001(05):306-307. |
| [19] | Dowling A;Clift R;Grobert N et al.Nanoscience and nanotechnologies:Opportunities and uncertainties[R].London:The Royal Society &The Royal Academy of Engineering Report,2004. |
| [20] | Sayes C M;John D F;Guo W et al.Differential cytotxicity of watersoluble fullerenes[J].Nano Letters,2004,4(10):1884. |
| [21] | 陆荔,马明,张宇,唐萌,顾宁.纳米材料生物安全性研究进展[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版),2004(05):711-714. |
| [22] | 汪冰,丰伟悦,赵宇亮,邢更妹,柴之芳,王海芳,贾光.纳米材料生物效应及其毒理学研究进展[J].中国科学B辑,2005(01):1-10. |
| [23] | Brown LM.;Collings N.;Harrison RM.;Maynard AD.;Maynard RL. .Ultrafine particles in the atmosphere: introduction[J].Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society. Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences,2000(1775):2563-2565. |
上一张
下一张
上一张
下一张
计量
- 下载量()
- 访问量()
文章评分
- 您的评分：
-
10%
-
20%
-
30%
-
40%
-
50%