能源短缺和环境污染已成为影响经济社会发展的重要因素，能否获得无污染的能源成为当今社会关注的焦点之一。太阳能作为一种洁净的可再生能源得到了越来越多的重视。当前，在核电的安全问题日益突出的情况下，太阳能电池被认为是解决能源衰竭和环境污染等一系列重大问题的最佳选择。目前，许多国家正在制订中长期太阳能开发计划，准备在21世纪大规模开发太阳能。太阳能电池将太阳能直接转化为电能，是有效利用太阳能的最佳途径之一。综述了国内外包括单晶硅太阳能电池、多晶硅太阳能电池、薄膜太阳能电池等在内的太阳能电池的研究进展，对其制备技术、性能、转化效率以及应用领域进行了总结，讨论了它们各自的优势和劣势，并就太阳能电池未来的发展进行了展望。
The shortage of traditional energy and environmental pollution become the major problem of restricting eco-nomic and social development.Searching for pollution-free resources becomes more and more urgent.As a clean and re-newable power source,solar energy gets much more attention.As a kind of green energy,especially in the case of nucle-ar safety problem becoming prominent,solar energy are thought to be the best choice to solve the energy failure and envi-ronmental pollution and so on.At present,many countries are drafting long-term solar energy development plan,and pre-pare to develop solar energy in large-scale in the 2 1 st century.The solar cell is a device converting solar energy directly in-to electrical energy,also is an effective way to use solar energy.This paper briefly introduces the current status of solar cells,including monocrystalline silicon solar cells,polycrystalline silicon solar cells,and thin film solar cells,and their respective preparation method,performance,conversion efficiency,application fields are summarized,then their respec-tive advantages and disadvantages are discussed,and the development trend of that is also presented.
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