由于能源短缺与不断增加的能源需求间的矛盾,为保证未来能源的安全性,需要一个多元化的能源组合结构.由于世界上有将近50％的能源输入以废热的方式被浪费掉,应用热电效应将这部分废热有效地转换为电能是一种重要的清洁、可再生能源技术.为了提高热-电转换效率,需要开发出具有高材料优值(ZT)的热电材料.然而,改善热电材料.是一个复杂的多变量优化问题——即降低热导率、增加塞贝克系数和升高电导率.就近年来一些成功提高热电材料ZT值的思路和想法作简要的报道.
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