水泥固化是核电站放射性废物处理的常用技术，在放射性废物的水泥固化过程中，矿物混合材在固化操作性、固化体机械性能及核素浸出性等方面表现出优异性能。综述了活性和非活性矿物混合材的特性，及其在放射性废物水泥固化中的应用和对固化体性能的影响。活性矿物混合材的形态效应、火山灰效应和微集料效应以及非活性矿物混合材的填充作用可改善水泥固化体性能，降低水泥水化热升温，提高固化体抗压强度、抗裂性和耐久性，降低核素浸出率。混合材种类和掺加比例极大地影响着固化效果，通过配方实验保证混合材的适当掺量，可以保证水泥固化体性能的提升，保证固化体在处置期间的长期稳定性。
Cementation is one of the known techniques for radioactive wastes treatment. In the process of radioactive waste cementation, mineral admixtures have significantly positive effects on operational property, mechanical property and nuclides leaching ability. In this paper, the properties of active and non-active mineral admixtures, the applications of mineral admixtures in radioactive wastescementation and the effects on waste-forms properties are reviewed. The morpha effect, pozzolanic activity and micro aggregate effect of activemineral admixtures and at the same time filling effect of non-active mineral admixtures enhance the properties of cement-solidified waste-forms, which involve lower hydration heat during cement solidification, higher compressive strength, crack resistance and durability as well as lower nuclides leaching ability. Cementation is affected by the types and additive amount of admixtures tremendously; therefore, formula experiments are crucial to obtain appropriate additive amount and to guarantee improvement of mechanical properties and durability of cement-solidified waste-forms.
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