材料期刊网

铁基纳米材料是指以天然或人工方法得到的纳米尺度范围的铁、铁氧体及铁合金等的功能性材料.根据结构组成可分为超顺磁性氧化铁纳米粒、磁性氧化铁微球、磁性铁蛋白、磁小体、磁性氧化铁脂质体及铁合金纳米粒等.铁基纳米材料具有优良的尺寸效应、表面效应与量子效应,尤为重要的是独特的磁学性质,使其在生物医药领域,包括核磁共振造影、体外生物分离、肿瘤磁热疗、药物递送及组织工程等方面得到了广泛应用,且已有产品被批准上市或处于临床试验研究.理想的药用铁基纳米材料应具有结构明确、性质稳定、高度分散、可规模化生产以及体内应用安全有效等特性.限制铁基纳米材料医学应用的问题在于铁离子在体内产生的氧化应激反应与铁过载对机体的毒性.综述了药用铁基纳米材料的研究现状以及面临的机遇与挑战,并展望了其发展前景.

Iron-based nanomaterial is made of nano-sized iron,iron oxide and ferroalloy by nature product or artificial synthesis.According to different structures and compositions,iron-based pharmaceutical nanomaterials can be classified into super paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles,magnetic iron oxide microspheres,magnetoferritin,magnetic iron oxide liposome,ferroalloy nanoparticle and etc.Iron-based nanomaterial has remarkable size effect,surface effect and quantum effect,especially unique magnetic properties,which makes it be widely used in magnetic resonance imaging,bioseparation in vitro,magnetic hyperthermia and drug delivery.Moreover,quite a few products have been approved in market or under clinical trials.Ideal iron-based nanomedicine should own important characteristic including definite structure,stable physical properties,uniform distribution,scalable production,safety and effectiveness in vivo.The drawbacks that confine medicinal application of iron-based nanomaterial depend on oxidative stress induced by iron ion and toxicity by iron overload in body.This article reviews research status of iron-based medicinal nanomaterials and the facing opportunities and challenges,and gives a prospects for the development finally.