近年来,随着太阳能电池技术在中国的迅猛发展,晶体硅制造技术也逐渐发展起来.铸锭法作为晶体硅的主要制备方法之一,其发展方向受到了国内外的普遍关注.本文在调研大量国内外相关专利技术的基础上,综述了近几十年来国内外研究机构在铸锭法制备晶体硅方面所采用的技术手段,主要归类为以下三个方面:籽晶、成核点和坩埚底部设置.通过对比国内外技术以及分析国内重要申请人的专利申请,寻找国内外技术差距和国内技术演进方向,在如何调节晶粒生长速度、降低晶体的缺陷密度、提高晶体质量以适应太阳能电池的制造等亟需解决的技术问题方面提出一些方案.
The manufacturing techniques of the silicon crystal has aroused great attention accompanying with the rapid development of the solar cell in China in recent years.As one of the important synthetic methods of silicon crystal, the silicon ingot casting method becomes hot research topics.Here, by analyzing the relevant patents technologies from the worldwide, we review the silicon ingot casting techniques developed by different research institutes from three aspects: seed, nucleation and set-up of the crucible.We compare the different techniques between different research groups in China and other nations, and propose possible ways for the manufacturing issues in the solar cells, including the development of the adjustment of grain growth rate, reduction of defects concentration in crystals and improvement of crystal quality.
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