通过高温拉伸试验,研究了变形温度对铸态及热加工态奥氏体不锈钢Cr15Mn9Cu2NiN热塑性的影响.结果表明,在1 250℃时,铸态与热加工态试样的断面收缩率均在85％以上;随着变形湿度的降低铸态试样的塑性迅速下降,而热加工态试样则无明显变化;变形温度降至900℃时,铸态试样的断面收缩率只有45％左右.分析认为,铸态试样中具有明显结晶取向的柱状晶,随着变形温度的降低,在变形过程中会迅速强化,使得晶粒间的变形协调能力迅速下降,导致在晶界或相界等较薄弱处产生应力集中,进而引起裂纹的形核及塑性的快速降低;而热轧板试样中为细小的等轴晶,变形协调能力强,变形时,应变会均匀地分布在每个晶粒上,使得其热塑性较高.
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