以山东省济南市为研究区域，采集测定了35个表层土壤样品中16种优先控制PAHs的含量，在此基础上对其组成特征、来源和环境风险进行了分析．结果表明，16种PAHs在所有样品中均具有较高的检出率，部分达到100％．含量范围为55．8—1．24×104μg·kg－1，平均值1．27×103μg·kg－1，中位值263μg·kg－1，低于已报道的我国其他地区表层土壤PAHs的污染水平．各功能区含量高低顺序为工业区、交通繁忙区、商业居民区和农田．PAHs组成分析与因子分析表明，济南市表层土壤中PAHs为混合源，煤、石油等化石燃料不完全燃烧作用占优势．16种PAHs的Bap总毒性当量浓度（TEQBap）在0．54—1．37×103μg·kg－1之间，7种致癌性PAHs的TEQBap占总TEQBap的98．9％，是环境风险的主要贡献者．农田土壤风险水平较低，工业区土壤风险水平较高，需要管理部门特别注意．
The concentrations of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ( PAHs) were analyzed in 35 top?soil samples collected from Jinan City. The distribution, sources and environmental risk of the PAHs for the collected samples were investigated. The analysis results showed that all 16 target PAHs were detected in soil samples. The total concentrations of PAHs ranged from 55. 8 to 1. 24 × 104μg·kg-1 . The average concentration was 1. 27 × 103 μg·kg-1 , which is lower than the average concentration of other soils reported in China. Based on the PAHs composition and factor analysis, it was found that PAHs originated from multiple sources with incomplete combustion of the fuel as the dominating source. The toxic benzo[a]pyrene equivalent (TEQBap) of the 16 PAHs ranged from 0?54 to 1. 37 × 103 μg·kg-1, and 98. 9% of which was contributed by 7 carcinogenic PAHs. In contrast to lower environmental risk of farmland, industrial district should be given special attention due to its higher risk level.
参考文献
| [1] | Durant J L, Busby Jr W F, Lafleur A L, et al. Human cell mutagenicity of oxygenated, nitrated and unsubstituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons associated with urban aerosols[J]. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology, 1996, 371(3):123-157 |
| [2] | WHO. Selected non-heterocyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Environmental Health Criteria 202 [M]. Geneva:World Health Organization/International Program on Chemical Safety,1998 |
| [3] | 邹正禹,唐海龙,刘阳生∗∗.北京市郊农业土壤中多环芳烃的污染分布和来源?[J].环境化学,2013(05):874-880. |
| [4] | 吕金刚,毕春娟,陈振楼,周婕成,韩景超.上海市崇明岛农田土壤中多环芳烃分布和生态风险评价[J].环境科学,2012(12):4270-4275. |
| [5] | 彭华,王维思.河南省典型农业区域土壤中多环芳烃污染状况研究[J].中国环境监测,2009(02):61-62,68. |
| [6] | 董彦,韩甜甜,沈向,吴曼,毛志泉,胡艳丽.我国农业土壤中PAHs研究现状[J].山东农业大学学报（自然科学版）,2013(01):155-159. |
| [7] | Morillo E, Romero A S, Madrid L, et al . Characterization and sources of PAHs and potentially toxic metals in urban environments of Sevilla (Southern Spain)[J].Water Air and Soil Pollution,2007,187:41-51. |
| [8] | 彭驰,王美娥,廖晓兰.城市土壤中多环芳烃分布和风险评价研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2010(02):514-522. |
| [9] | 倪进治,陈卫锋,杨红玉,魏然,杨玉盛.福州市不同功能区土壤中多环芳烃的含量及其源解析[J].中国环境科学,2012(05):921-926. |
| [10] | 彭晓春,陈志良,董家华,任明忠,吴彦瑜,白中炎,杨兵.白银市土壤多环芳烃污染特征[J].安徽农业科学,2011(33):20441-20443,20468. |
| [11] | 章迪,曹善平,孙建林,曾辉.深圳市表层土壤多环芳烃污染及空间分异研究[J].环境科学,2014(02):711-718. |
| [12] | 曹云者,柳晓娟,谢云峰,张大定,李发生.我国主要地区表层土壤中多环芳烃组成及含量特征分析[J].环境科学学报,2012(01):197-203. |
| [13] | 李静,吕永龙,焦文涛,王铁宇,史雅娟,罗维,汪光,王斌.天津滨海工业区土壤中多环芳烃的污染特征及来源分析[J].环境科学学报,2008(10):2111-2117. |
| [14] | 杜永强,曲蛟,丛俏,张蕾.石油化工园区周边土壤中多环芳烃的分布研究[J].中国环境监测,2012(01):33-36. |
| [15] | 侯艳伟,张又弛.福建某钢铁厂区域表层土壤PAHs污染特征与风险分析[J].环境化学,2012(10):1542-1548. |
| [16] | Bojes H K, Pope P G.. Characterization of EPA′s 16 priority pollutant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in tank bottom solids and associated contaminated soils at oil exploration and production sites in Texas[J]. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2007, 47(3):288-295 |
| [17] | Masih A,Taneja A. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) concentrations and related carcinogenic potencies in soil at a semi-arid region of India[J]. Chemosphere, 2006, 65(3):449-456 |
| [18] | 马光军,梁晶,方海兰,张甘霖.上海市主要道路绿地土壤中多环芳烃的分布特征[J].土壤,2009(05):738-743. |
| [19] | 周变红,张承中,蒋君丽,马万里,杨震龙.西安表土中多环芳烃的污染特征及其来源解析[J].环境科学与技术,2012(08):97-99,192. |
| [20] | 樊孝俊,刘忠马,夏新,左燕君,龚娴.南昌市周边农田土壤中多环芳烃的污染特征及来源分析[J].中国环境监测,2009(06):109-112. |
| [21] | 张明时,滕明德,李秋华,林野,叶锋.贵州省遵义地区表层土壤中多环芳烃分布特征[J].江西师范大学学报(自然科学版),2009(06):716-720. |
| [22] | 冯岸红,朱智成,陈社军,王璟,罗孝俊,麦碧娴.寿光土壤中多环芳烃的污染特征及风险评估[J].中国环境科学,2013(09):1607-1614. |
| [23] | Maliszewska-Kordybach B. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in agricultural soils in Poland:Preliminary proposals for criteria to evaluate the level of soil contamination[J]. Applied Geochemistry, 1996, 11(1):121-127 |
| [24] | Edwards N T . Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH′s) in the terrestrial environment-a review[J].Journal of Environmental Quality,1983,12(4):427-441. |
| [25] | 王学彤,贾英,孙阳昭,蒋煜峰,王飞,吴明红,盛国英,傅家谟.典型污染区河流表层沉积物中PAHs的分布、来源及生态风险[J].环境科学,2010(01):153-158. |
| [26] | Harrison R M, Smith D J T, Luhana L. Source apportionment of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons collected from an urban location in Birmingham, UK[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 1996, 30(3):825-832 |
| [27] | Rogge W F, Hildemann L M, Mazurek M A, et al. Sources of fine organic aerosol. 2. Noncatalyst and catalyst-equipped automobiles and heavy-duty diesel trucks[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 1993, 27(4):636-651 |
| [28] | Readman J W, Fillmann G, Tolosa I, et al. Petroleum and PAH contamination of the Black Sea[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2002, 44 (1):48-62 |
| [29] | VROM. Environmental quality objectives in the Netherlands:A review of environmental quality objectives and their policy framework in the Netherlands[M]. The Hague:Ministry of Housing,Spatial Planning and Environment,1994 |
| [30] | Zhang X L, Tao S, Liu W X, et al. Source diagnostics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons based on species ratios:A multimedia approach [J]. Environmental science and technology, 2005, 39(23):9109-9114 |
| [31] | Tsai P J, Shih T S, Chen H L, et al. Assessing and predicting the exposures of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their carcinogenic potencies from vehicle engine exhausts to highway toll station workers[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2004, 38(2):333-343 |
| [32] | Jiang Y F, Wang X T, Wang F, et al. Levels, composition profiles and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban soil of Shanghai, China[J]. Chemosphere, 2009, 75(8):1112-1118 |
- 下载量()
- 访问量()
- 您的评分：
-
10%
-
20%
-
30%
-
40%
-
50%