采用室内土壤培养法研究不同改良剂（骨炭、生物调理剂、沸石、石灰、油菜秸秆、生物炭、堆肥和赤泥）对土壤Sb化学形态转化和生物可给性的影响．结果表明，除堆肥处理外，添加5％的其他7种改良剂均显著地提高了土壤的pH值，其中石灰处理pH最为明显． BCR分级提取表明，土壤Sb主要以残渣态形式存在．添加生石灰、骨炭和生物调理剂显著地提高了土壤Sb的移动性，而添加赤泥、生物炭和堆肥却显著地降低了土壤Sb的移动性．添加不同的改良剂对土壤Sb的生物可给性也有影响，但是受不同培养时间影响较大．培养2个月后，添加5％的堆肥、5％赤泥和5％生物炭处理导致土壤Sb的生物可给性含量分别比对照降低38％、23％和20％；而添加5％的石灰、5％油菜秸秆和5％的生物调理剂处理导致土壤Sb的生物可给性含量分别比对照提高1．07倍、1．06倍和1．11倍．堆肥、赤泥和生物炭是钝化Sb污染土壤的潜力材料．
Effects of bone char, modifying agent, zeolite, limestone, rape straw, biochar, compost and red mud on the fractionation and bio?accessibility of Sb in soil were investigated by batch soil column incubation experiment in laboratory. All 5% amendments increased the soil pH except compost, and the most effective one was limestone. BCR sequential extraction showed that Sb was mainly in the residual fraction form. The treatment with 5% limestone, 5% bone char and 5%modifying agent significantly ( P<0. 05 ) increased mobility of Sb. However, addition of 5% red mud, biochar and compost reduced Sb mobility significantly (P<0.05). Different amendments had different effects on the bio?accessibility of Sb, and the key influencing factor was incubation time. Compared with the control, the contents of bio?accessible Sb decreased by 38%, 23% and 20%, respectively, in 5% compost, 5% red mud and 5% biochar amended soils after 2 months incubation. Contents of bio?accessible Sb increased by 1. 07, 1. 06 and 1. 11?fold with 5% limestone, 5% rape straw and 5% modifying agent addition after 2 months incubation. The results highlighted the potential of red mud, biochar and compost in reducing the bioavailability of Sb in contaminated soil.
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