对全国1982—2013年30个省市投运城镇污水处理设施现状、处理规模、运行负荷等进行统计分析，探讨了我国污水处理产业的发展历程、处理工艺和技术的演变趋势．分析表明，截止2013年，全国投运城镇污水处理设施4136座，总污水处理能力达到1．2×108 m3·d－1，平均污水处理负荷率约为76．7％．污水处理设施的数目、规模以及处理能力存在明显的地域差异，东部发达地区明显高于西部欠发达地区．随着污水处理设施的发展，污水处理工艺也处于不断改进完善和探索中，而主体处理工艺的选择主要受到经济发展水平、地域特点等因素的影响．目前应用最多的主体工艺技术有厌氧?缺氧?好氧法（ A2／O）、氧化沟工艺、循环活性污泥法（ CASS）以及厌氧?好氧工艺（ A／O）4种．近10年，CASS工艺在新建污水处理设施中的应用有逐渐增加的趋势．
The present situation, treatment scale and operating load of municipal sewage treatment plants ( MSTP ) in 30 cities in China from 1982 to 2013 were analyzed to investigate their development history and evolution trend of treatment technology. The results showed that 4136 MSTP have been in operation nationwide by the end of 2013 with a total sewage treatment capacity of 0.12× 109 m3·d-1 and average actual treatment load rate of 76. 7%. An obvious regional difference was observed in the number of the facility and treatment scale and capacity, which are significantly higher in eastern developed regions than in the western undeveloped regions. With the development of sewage treatment industry, the treatment technology is in the process of continual improvement and exploration. However, it is noted that the selection of primary treatment technology is mainly influenced by the local economic development level and geographic distribution. At present, the most frequently applied processes are anaerobic?anoxic?oxic ( A2/O), oxidation ditch, cyclic activated sludge system ( CASS) and anoxic/oxic ( A/O) . The increasingly wide application of CASS during the last ten years in newly founded MSTP would push this main process to a promising future.
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