采用盆栽与大田实验相结合的方法,研究了增施鸡粪对Cd污染菜地土壤海泡石钝化修复效应及土壤酶活性的影响.结果表明,海泡石钝化修复下,增施鸡粪比单施鸡粪和单一海泡石钝化修复对小白菜生物量具有更好的增产效果.单施鸡粪虽然可以降低小白菜体内Cd含量,但与对照相比不明显;而在海泡石钝化修复下,增施鸡粪可以显著降低小白菜可食部和根部对Cd的吸收积累 (P < 0.05),与对照相比,盆栽试验中各处理降低幅度分别为26.9%—32.1%和7.7%—24.8%;大田条件下则分别降低7.5%和16.4%.随着单施鸡粪量的增加,菜地土壤pH值呈逐渐降低趋势,单一海泡石钝化处理下,菜地土壤pH与对照相比变化不明显,而在海泡石钝化修复下,增施鸡粪后土壤pH降低幅度要小于单施鸡粪处理.不同处理下菜地土壤有效态Cd含量均较对照处理有所降低.其中,海泡石钝化修复下,增施鸡粪效果最显著,盆栽实验和大田试验下最大降幅分别为17.7%和10.3%.海泡石钝化修复下,增施鸡粪可显著提高土壤过氧化氢酶、脲酶和蔗糖酶活性 ( P<0.05),与对照相比,盆栽实验中三种酶的含量分别增加6.4%—38.6%、14.0%—47.6%和2.0%—22.4%;田间实验下,三种酶的含量分别增加36.5%、22.2% 和5.5%.Cd污染菜地土壤下,增施适量鸡粪不仅可以起到强化Cd钝化修复效应,而且可以进一步提高土壤酶活性,改善Cd污染土壤环境质量.
Pot and field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of chicken manure on immobilization remediation of Cd contaminated soil and soil enzymatic activities. The results showed that the enhancement of dry biomass under the combined treatments of chicken manure and sepiolite was better than those of single addition of chicken manure and sepiolite. Although there was no significant differences compared with CK, the single addition of chicken manure slightly decreased the uptake accumulation of Cd in Brassica campestris L., while the applying chicken manure under the stabilization remediation process using sepiolite significantly reduced the concentrations of Cd in edible and root parts of rape in contrast to the control ( P<0.05) , decreasing by 26.9%—32.1%and 8.0%—24. 7%, respectively, in pot experiments, and 7. 5% and 16. 4%, respectively, in field experiments. The soil pH gradually decreased with the increase of chicken manure, and there were little differences among the single treatments of chicken manure and unamended soil, and the decreased degree in soil pH values after applying chicken manure and sepiolite was lower than those of single treatments of chicken manure. Soil available Cd under the different treatments was reduced, and the most efficient treatment in increasing available Cd content was the combined treatments of chicken manure and sepiolite, with a maximum reduction of 17. 7% and 10. 3% in pot and field experiments, respectively. Under the treatments of sepiolite immobilization remediation, the addition of chicken manure significantly increased soil catalase, urease and sucrose ( P<0.05) , resulting in 6.4%—38.6%, 14. 0%—47. 6%, and 2. 0%—22. 4% increase, respectively, in pot experiments, and 36. 5%, 22. 2% and 5. 5% increase, respectively, in the filed trails when compared with the control soils. Therefore, the application of chicken manure not only enhanced the effect of Cd immobilization remediation, but also increased soil enzymatic activities, and then improved soil environmental quality.
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