为了解上海市地铁环境空气污染状况,于2015年4月对某地铁站内地下和地面两条线路的个体黑碳(Black carbon,BC)进行了监测,同时比较了车厢内外和地铁站内外的BC个体暴露差异.采用IMPROVETOR方法测量了车厢内PM25样品中的8个碳组分(OC1、OC2、OC3、OC4、EC1、EC2、EC3和OPC),分析颗粒物的污染来源和形貌特征.结果表明,上海市地铁站地下线和地面线BC的个体暴露日均值分别为5.6±1.0 μg· m-3与0.9±0.3 μg· m-3.气象条件对地铁站地面线BC污染水平的影响较地下线大,且站台上BC浓度高出车厢内2至3倍.扫描电子显微镜(SEM)结果显示地铁内大气颗粒物形状不规则.上海市地铁站颗粒物中碳主要来源于餐饮和机动车尾气.
In order to assess the air quality in subway stations in Shanghai,personal exposure concentrations of black carbon (BC) on different metro lines in subway were monitored in April 2015.We also compared BC concentrations in station platforms and carriages,and the difference of BC concentrations on the underground parking lot and the ground square in subway station were analyzed.In order to analyze the source of PM2.5,Thermal/Optical Carbon Analyzer (IMPROVETOR) was employed to detect the concentrations of eight carbon fractions (OC1,OC2,OC3,OC4,EC1,EC2,EC3 and OPC),and their morphology species were observed.The results show that BC concentrations on the ground and underground line of subway station were 5.6± 1.0 μg· m-3 and 0.9± 0.3 μg· m-3,respectively.Weather conditions had a great impact on the BC concentrations on the ground subway line than underground subway line,and the BC concentrations on the platform was higher than that in carriages.Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis showed that the subway particles was irregularly shaped.The percentage of eight carbon fractions in PM2.5 implied that cooking and vehicle exhaust might be primary sources of carbon blacks in subway station in Shanghai.
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