城市是全(多)氟烷基化合物(Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances,PFASs)典型的来源地区,本研究利用大流量主动采样器对天津市3个典型位点的大气分别在冬夏两季进行了短期连续监测.发现PFASs的挥发性前体物氟调聚醇(Fluorotelomer alcohols,FTOHs)在天津地区的市中心、乡村和污水处理厂位点的大气中均普遍检出,其总浓度(气态+颗粒态)在冬、夏两季分别达到25.6-95.3 pg·m-3和16.7-2003 pg· m-3,中位值分别为71.6 pg· m-3和50.6 pg· m-3,其中最高浓度出现在市中心位点;而对于全氟辛烷磺酰胺类化合物(Perfluorooctane sulfonamide derivatives,PFOSAs),除在两个样品中有N-乙基全氟辛烷磺酰胺超过100 pg·m-3,在大部分样品中均未检出PFOSAs或显著低于FTOHs的浓度.本研究发现,FTOHs在冬、夏季间发生了显著的相间转化,在夏季FTOHs主要存在于气相,因而可能具有较高的长距离迁移潜力;而在冬季颗粒态FTOHs所占比重显著增加,因而其大气迁移和转化能力可能更多地受到大气颗粒物的影响.在大气总悬浮颗粒物浓度较高的天津地区,颗粒态FTOHs的贡献不可忽视.
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