本研究于2014年10月至11月间对大连市8处污水处理厂（ W1—W8）入水、出水中环状挥发性甲基硅氧烷（ Cyclic volatile methylsiloxanes，cVMSs）浓度进行了调查，采用超声辅助液液萃取及气相色谱?质谱联用检测方法测定了污水样品中六甲基环三硅氧烷（ D3）、八甲基环四硅氧烷（ D4）、十甲基环五硅氧烷（ D5）、十二甲基环六硅氧烷（ D6）的浓度水平．结果表明，入水D3、D4、D5、D6检出率分别为92％、88％、71％、75％；出水检出率分别为61％、96％、63％、58％．入水、出水ΣcVMSs平均浓度分别为1135±1600、433±437 ng·L－1，且入水、出水平均浓度均为D5最高，D3最低．入水D3与D4、D6，D4与D5浓度相关性达到5％的显著水平（R2＝0．80、0．83、0．82），D3与D5及D5与D6浓度相关性达到1％的显著水平（ R2＝0．91、0．85）；出水D4与D6浓度相关性达到1％的显著水平（R2＝0．93）；入水量与入水D3—D6浓度相关性未达到5％显著性水平．cVMSs去除效率范围为28％—100％，对D3—D6去除效率最高的二级处理工艺分别为BAF、BAF、A／O、SBR工艺，去除效率分别为87．3％、69．1％、99．5％、95．1％；最低的二级处理工艺分别为A／O、SBR、SBR、A／O工艺，去除效率分别为68．3％、30．1％、54．1％、72．0％．
Eight wastewater treatment plants ( W1—W8 ) in Dalian were investigated to determine levels of cyclic volatile methylsiloxanes ( cVMSs ) in their influents and effluents from October to November in 2014. Ultrasound?assisted dispersive liquid?liquid extraction method coupled with GC?MS was emplayed for the analysis of D3,D4,D5,D6 in wastewater. The results showed that, in influent and effluent, detection frequencies of D3, D4, D5, D6 were 92%, 88%, 71%, 75% and 61%,96%, 63%, 58%, respectively. The average concentrations of ∑cVMSs were 1135 ± 1600、433±437 ng·L-1, respectively. D5 and D3 were the compounds found at the highest and lowest average concentration both in influent and effluent. In influent, there were statistically significant correlations of the concentrations of D3 with D4 and D6, and D4 with D5 at 95% confidence level ( R2=0. 80, 0.83, 0. 82 ) . Moreover, D3 with D5, and D5 with D6 at 99% confidence level ( R2=0.91,0.85) . In effluent, there were statistically significant correlations of the concentrations of D4 with D6 at 99% confidence level (R2=0.93). There is no correlation between water mass flow and cVMSs concentrations in influent. Removal efficiencies of cVMSs ranged from 28% to 100%. Secondary treatment process with the highest removal efficiency was BAF,BAF,A/O and SBR, and removal efficiencies were 87. 3%, 69. 1%, 99. 6%, 95. 1%, respectively; The secondary treatment process with the lowest removal efficiency was A/O,SBR,SBR and A/O, and removal efficiencies were 68.3%,30.1%,54.1%,72.0%, respectively.
参考文献
| [1] | Horii Y;Kannan K.Survey of organosilicone compounds, including cyclic and linear siloxanes, in personal-care and household products.[J].Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,20084(4):701-710. |
| [2] | McKim JM Jr;Choudhuri S;Wilga PC;Madan A;Burns Naas-LA;Gallavan RH;Mast RW;Naas DJ;Parkinson A;Meeks RG.Induction of hepatic xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in female Fischer-344 rats following repeated inhalation exposure to decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5).[J].Toxicological sciences: An official journal of the Society of Toxicology,19991(1):10-19. |
| [3] | Burns-Naas LA;Mast RW;Klykken PC;McCay JA;White KL Jr;Mann PC;Naas DJ.Toxicology and humoral immunity assessment of decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) following a 1-month whole body inhalation exposure in Fischer 344 rats.[J].Toxicological sciences: An official journal of the Society of Toxicology,19981(1):28-38. |
| [4] | Xu, Lin;Shi, Yali;Liu, Nannan;Cai, Yaqi.Methyl siloxanes in environmental matrices and human plasma/fat from both general industries and residential areas in China[J].Science of the Total Environment,2015:454-463. |
| [5] | Yu Cheng;Mahiba Shoeib;Lutz Ahrens;Tom Harner;Jianmin Ma.Wastewater treatment plants and landfills emit volatile methyl siloxanes (VMSs) to the atmosphere: Investigations using a new passive air sampler[J].Environmental Pollution,201110(10):2380-2386. |
| [6] | Susie Genualdi;Yu Cheng;Tom Harner.Global Distribution of Linear and Cyclic Volatile Methyl Siloxanes in Air[J].Environmental Science & Technology: ES&T,20118(8):3349-3354. |
| [7] | Lin Xu;Yali Shi;Yaqi Cai.Occurrence and fate of volatile siloxanes in a municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant of Beijing, China[J].Water research: A journal of the international water association,20132(2):715-724. |
| [8] | Shihe Xu;Bruce Kropscott.Method for Simultaneous Determination of Partition Coefficients for Cyclic Volatile Methylsiloxanes and Dimethylsilanediol[J].Analytical chemistry,20124(4):1948-1955. |
| [9] | Sparham, C;Van Egmond, R;O'Connor, S;Hastie, C;Whelan, M;Kanda, R;Franklin, O.Determination of decamethylcyclopentasiloxane in river water and final effluent by headspace gas chromatography/mass spectrometry[J].Journal of Chromatography. A,20081/2(1/2):124-129. |
| [10] | Sanchís, J.;Martínez, E.;Ginebreda, A.;Farré, M.;Barceló, D..Occurrence of linear and cyclic volatile methylsiloxanes in wastewater, surface water and sediments from Catalonia[J].Science of the Total Environment,2013:530-538. |
| [11] | Rong Wang;Richard P. Moody;Diane Koniecki;Jiping Zhu.Low molecular weight cyclic volatile methylsiloxanes in cosmetic products sold in Canada: Implication for dermal exposure[J].Environment International,20096(6):900-904. |
| [12] | Tatsiana Dudzina;Natalie von Goetz;Christian Bogdal;Jacqueline W.H. Biesterbos;Konrad Hungerbuehler.Concentrations of cyclic volatile methylsiloxanes in European cosmetics and personal care products: Prerequisite for human and environmental exposure assessment[J].Environment international,2014Jan.(Jan.):86-94. |
| [13] | Yan Lu;Tao Yuan;Wenhua Wang;Kurunthachalam Kannan.Concentrations and assessment of exposure to siloxanes and synthetic musks in personal care products from China[J].Environmental Pollution,201112(12):3522-3528. |
| [14] | D. Graiver;K. W. Farminer;R. Narayan.A Review of the Fate and Effects of Silicones in the Environment[J].Journal of Polymers and the Environment,20034(4):129-136. |
| [15] | Anna A. Bletsou;Alexandros G. Asimakopoulos;Athanasios S. Stasinakis.Mass Loading and Fate of Linear and Cyclic Siloxanes in a Wastewater Treatment Plant in Greece[J].Environmental Science & Technology: ES&T,20134(4):1824-1832. |
- 下载量()
- 访问量()
- 您的评分：
-
10%
-
20%
-
30%
-
40%
-
50%