2014年6-8月分别对丽江-玉龙雪山索道区,甘海子,丽江市区,龙蟠镇等4个地区进行降水采集,共采集87个样品,对主要化学离子(Na+、K+、NH4+、Ca2+、Mg2+、SO42-、Cl-、NO3-)电荷浓度进行分析.结果表明,离子总浓度丽江市区＞龙蟠镇＞甘海子＞索道区.阳离子含量最高的为Ca2+和NH4,阴离子含量最高的为SO42--.分析1997-2014年丽江降水离子含量,SO42-与NO3-的比值逐年下降,表明旅游业和交通运输业对丽江大气环境质量影响显著.采用主因子分析法进行分析,NH4、SO42-、NO3-在第一因子中为高载荷,受人类污染的影响,Na+与K+、C1-在第二因子中高载荷,受海洋源影响.Ca2+、Mg2+在第三因子中高载荷,受陆地源影响.
From June to August of 2014,a total of 87 rainwater samples were collected from glacial park (at Yulong Snow Mountain),Ganhaizi Basin,Lijiang City and Longpan Town.The major ions (Na+,K+,NH4+,Ca2+,Mg2+,SO42-,Cl-,NO3-) of the samples were analyzed.The results showed that the total ion concentration decreased in the following order:Lijiang City ＞ Longpan Town ＞Ganhaizi Basin ＞ glacial park.Ca2+ and NH4+ had the highest concentrations among cations,and SO42-was the dominant anion.In addition,our result showed that the ratio of SO42--to NO3-decreased gradually in rainwater from 1997 to 2014,indicating that transportation and tourism had a great impact on the quality of atmospheric environment in Lijiang city.We also used factor analysis methods to investigate the source of chemical ions in the precipitation.We found that NH4+,SO42-,NO3-were high loaded in the first factor.They were closely related to anthropogenic emissions.Na+,K+,Cl-were high loaded in the second factor.They were mainly originated from sea salt particulates.Ca2+ and Mg2+were high loaded in the third factor.They were mainly from local dust.
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