采用稀释分离法,从山西中条山铜矿的酸性矿坑水中分离出一株铁氧化细菌,命名为ZTS菌株.该菌株为革兰氏阴性细菌,螺旋状或弧状,最适生长温度为30 ℃,最适生长pH值为2.5,对低浓度的酵母浸出物较敏感.形态学和生理学分析表明,ZTS菌株可能属于钩端螺旋菌属的成员;16S rDNA序列的系统发育分析表明,该菌株与氧化亚铁钩端螺旋菌典型菌株ATCC 49879位于系统发育树的同一分支,相似度为100%,从而证实ZTS菌株属于氧化亚铁钩端螺旋菌.考虑到当前的商业利益,考察了Cu2+、Co2+ 和Ni2+对ZTS菌株氧化亚铁能力的影响.结果表明:3种金属对ZTS菌株的毒性强弱依次为Co2+>Cu2+>Ni2+.就Ni2+抗性能力而言,ZTS菌株能够耐受Ni2+的浓度高达160 mmol/L,这比已报道的氧化亚铁钩端螺旋菌的Ni2+抗性能力要强得多,这种能力可能与它的遗传特性有关.
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