通过溶胶-凝胶法,以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为硅源、乙醇为溶剂、盐酸为催化剂,在剑麻纤维素微晶(SFCM)表面包覆上了一层连续、致密的二氧化硅(SiO2),制得二氧化硅包覆剑麻纤维素微晶(SiO2-SFCM).采用红外光谱和扫描电子显微镜对其结构进行表征,并与环氧树脂(EP)复合制备了SiO-SFCM/EP复合材料,研究了SiO2-SFCM对EP复合材料力学性能的影响.结果表明,SiO2包覆层增强了SFCM与EP之间的界面相互作用,提高了复合材料的力学和热性能.当加入的SiO2-SFCM的质量分数为3%时,复合材料的冲击强度由未改性的16.4 kJ/m2提高到29.4 kJ/m2,热分解温度提高24℃,二氧化硅的包覆率为50% ~60%.
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