根据热防护系统的特征载荷,研究了气凝胶的室温、高温压缩和压缩蠕变性能.研究表明纤维增强SiO2气凝胶的压缩曲线可划分为三个阶段:线性阶段、屈服阶段和密实化阶段.相比纯气凝胶,该材料具有较高的强度、良好的断裂韧性.该材料存在明显的室温和高温蠕变行为.室温条件下240 h内的蠕变历程可划分为三个阶段,在168 h以后蠕变变形量达到稳定状态,基本不再继续增加.对比试样在试验前、热处理后和蠕变试验后的显微结构发现,气凝胶基体的密实化是加热后试样收缩和影响气凝胶蠕变性能的主要因素.
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