本文采用Sn自熔剂法,通过调节Ga的起始含量(Ba∶ Ga∶ Al∶ Sn =8∶x∶6∶50;x=10,20,30)实现对载流子进行调制,制备出具有p型和n型传导的Ⅷ型Sn基单晶笼合物,并对其结构和热电特性进行研究.研究结果表明,随着Ga起始含量的增加,Al在化合物中的固溶度减小,材料的晶格常数也随之减小;x=10的样品Seebeck系数全部为负值,x=30的样品Seebeck系数全部为正值,而x=20的样品在450 K后由于本征激发Seebeck系数显著降低,在550 K附近由p型传导转变为n型传导;室温下具有p型传导的化合物具有较高的载流子浓度,但其迁移率显著降低,从而导致其相应的化合物具有较高的电阻率,因此通过对Ga起始含量的改变能够对化合物的载流子实现有效调控;此外,在300 ~600 K内均具有p型传导的样品室温下的载流子有效质量较n型样品的高;通过估算的热导率κ、实测电阻率和Seebeck系数,计算出x=30的p型单晶样品在457 K处获得最大ZT值0.86.
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